🔥🔴 The Hindu Analysis (INA) 11 August 2024 (#UPSC #IAS)
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Читать полностью…🔥🔴 The Hindu Analysis (INA) 10 August 2024 (#UPSC #IAS)
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🔥🔥09 Aug 2024 - The Hindu (INA) Class Discussion👉 Enjoy your PDF with full content @StudYLoveRVeeR
Читать полностью…Today's Editorial (09-08-2024)
Up but out: On Vinesh Phogat’s Olympic campaign
Vinesh Phogat went to extraordinary lengths to win a medal
It proved to be a tale of so near and yet so far for Vinesh Phogat on a sombre Wednesday in Paris. The 29-year-old wrestler with roots in Haryana was in red-hot form and seemingly the force was with her in the women’s 50kg segment. However, hours before the summit clash against Sarah Ann Hildebrandt of the United States, Vinesh’s Olympic dreams of winning a gold fizzled out. In the acutely razor-sharp lines that distinguish weight categories especially in combat sport, India’s ace wrestler was found to be 100 grams above the stipulated 50kg at the 7.15 a.m. mandatory weigh-in before the final bout. This was heartbreak of the extreme kind for the athlete and the funereal effect rippled through an expectant nation hoping for a gold or at least a silver. Having weighed 49.90kg on Tuesday morning, Vinesh acquired a massive halo through the day, toppling defending champion Yui Susaki of Japan and eventually getting past Cuba’s Yusneylis Guzman Lopez in the semifinal. At the mixed media zone, Vinesh waved to the scribes but refrained from having a chat. The alarm bells, though, were ringing loud and clear within the Indian contingent as Vinesh and her support staff were conscious about her latest weight being 52.7kg.
The ensuing night was all about pursuing a crash course in losing extra kilos. Extreme measures such as starvation, water being ignored, frenetic exercises and induced nausea were all attempted. Even insomnia occurred and still the weighing machine did not budge on Wednesday morning. With an original body weight of around 55kg, it was extraordinary that Vinesh even attempted to compete in the 50kg bout after finding her regular 53kg category spot resting with the emerging Antim Panghal. The United World Wrestling, the sport’s governing body, is clear about the rules pertaining to body weight: if an athlete fails the weigh-in, he or she will be eliminated from the competition and ranked last. In the larger scheme, Vinesh’s charge towards the victor’s podium, even if it culminated in despair, was seen as a metaphor for a larger battle that she and other wrestlers waged against the former Wrestling Federation of India chief Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh. The allegations of sexual harassment centred around Brij Bhushan cleaved India’s sporting heart; but an administrative system leaning on patriarchy, rebuffed the wrestlers before attempting a belated clean-up. Seen through that prism, the overwhelming angst over Vinesh’s exit is understandable. Rules are sacrosanct, and Vinesh found herself at the wrong end and her retirement announcement has left Indian sport poorer, while she still awaits the verdict of the authorities over her appeal for a joint silver medal consideration.
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✅NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India)
🟣Role: Premier policy 'Think Tank' of the Government of India.
🟣Function: Shapes long-term strategic policies and programs.
🟣Mission: Provides directional and strategic input into the development process and serves as an incubator of ideas for development.
✅Establishment
🟣Planning Commission: Established in 1950 for overseeing India's economic strategy through centrally devised five-year plans.
🟣Criticism: Over time, faced criticism for being too centralized, rigid, and not reflecting the diverse needs of states.
🟣Disbandment: Planning Commission was scrapped on August 13, 2014.
🟣NITI Aayog Formation: Established on January 1, 2015, as a successor to the Planning Commission.
🟣Legal Status: Established by an Executive Resolution of the Government of India; not a Constitutional or Statutory Body.
✅Composition of NITI Aayog
✅Chairperson
🟣Prime Minister of India: Ex-officio Chairperson of NITI Aayog.
✅Governing Council
✅Members:
🟣Chief Ministers of all States.
🟣Chief Ministers of Union Territories with Legislatures (Delhi, Puducherry, Jammu & Kashmir).
🟣Lt. Governors of Union Territories without Legislatures.
✅Regional Councils
🟣Purpose: Formed for specific tenures to address issues impacting more than one state or region.
🟣Constitution: Convened by the Prime Minister as needed.
🟣Members: Chief Ministers and Lt. Governors of relevant states/UTs.
🟣Chairperson: Chaired by the Prime Minister or a nominee.
✅Special Invitees
🟣Nomination: Experts, Specialists, and Practitioners with domain knowledge nominated by the Prime Minister.
🔥🔴 The Hindu Analysis (INA) 09 August 2024 (#UPSC #IAS)
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Читать полностью…🔆Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
🔴Location
📍Geography: Southern bank of the Brahmaputra River in Morigaon district, adjacent to Guwahati, Assam.
📍Established: Declared a reserve forest in 1971 and a wildlife sanctuary in 1987.
🔴Key Features
📍Indian One-Horned Rhinoceros:
✅Highest population density with around 102 rhinos in an area of 38.8 sq. km.
📍Landscape:
✅Dominated by alluvial lowlands and marshland.
✅Natural boundaries: Brahmaputra River (north) and Garanga Beel (south).
🔴Flora
📍Dominant Vegetation:
✅Wet savannah consisting of Arundo donax, Erianthus ravennae, Phragmites karka, Imperata cylindrica, and Saccharum spp.
📍Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes):
✅Major problem, especially for waterfowl, as it forms thick mats on the water surface.
🔴Fauna
📍Mammals:
✅Rhinos, leopards, wild boar, barking deer, wild buffalo, etc.
📍Birds:
✅Over 375 species of resident and migratory birds, including Indian pied Hornbill, Osprey, Hill Myna, Kalij Pheasant, etc.
🔆पोबितोरा वन्यजीव अभयारण्य
🔴स्थान
📍भूगोल: मोरीगांव जिले में ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी का दक्षिणी तट, गुवाहाटी, असम से सटा हुआ।
📍स्थापना: 1971 में आरक्षित वन और 1987 में वन्यजीव अभयारण्य घोषित किया गया।
🔴मुख्य विशेषताएँ
📍भारतीय एक सींग वाला गैंडा:
✅38.8 वर्ग किलोमीटर के क्षेत्र में लगभग 102 गैंडों के साथ सबसे अधिक जनसंख्या घनत्व।
📍परिदृश्य:
✅जलोढ़ तराई और दलदली भूमि का प्रभुत्व।
✅प्राकृतिक सीमाएँ: ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी (उत्तर) और गरंगा बील (दक्षिण)।
🔴वनस्पति
📍प्रमुख वनस्पति:
✅अरुंडो डोनैक्स, एरियनथस रेवेने, फ्राग्माइट्स करका, इम्पेराटा सिलिंड्रिका और सैकरम एसपीपी से युक्त गीला सवाना।
📍जल जलकुंभी (इचोर्निया क्रैसिप्स):
✅विशेष रूप से जलपक्षियों के लिए बड़ी समस्या, क्योंकि यह पानी की सतह पर मोटी चटाई बनाती है।
🔴जीव-जंतु
📍स्तनधारी:
✅गैंडे, तेंदुए, जंगली सूअर, भौंकने वाले हिरण, जंगली भैंस, आदि।
📍पक्षी:
✅भारतीय पाइड हॉर्नबिल, ऑस्प्रे, हिल मैना, कलिज तीतर, आदि सहित निवासी और प्रवासी पक्षियों की 375 से अधिक प्रजातियाँ।
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Читать полностью…Live - The Hindu Newspaper Analysis | 07 August 2024
https://youtube.com/live/HRJLR5fJ2Xo
ETHIOPIA
▪️ Ethiopian PM received Nobel Peace Price 2019.
▪️ It is a Landlocked country.
▪️ Bordered with Eritriea, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya, South Sudan, Sudan.
इथियोपिया
▪️ इथियोपिया के प्रधानमंत्री को 2019 का नोबेल शांति पुरस्कार मिला।
▪️ यह एक लैंडलॉक देश है।
▪️ इरिट्रिया, जिबूती, सोमालिया, केन्या, दक्षिण सूडान, सूडान के साथ सीमा।
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🔥🔥06 Aug 2024 - The Hindu (INA) Class Discussion👉 Enjoy your PDF with full content @StudYLoveRVeeR
Читать полностью…🔥🔴 The Hindu Analysis (INA) 06 August 2024 (#UPSC #IAS)
🔥🔥 Live Video Link- https://youtube.com/live/-eq6ZpEFnNc
🔥🔴 Warning for UPSC Students (#UPSC #IAS)
🔥🔥 Video Link- https://youtu.be/Jis7h0HcYSM
✅ #Vocabulary
1. MAWKISH (ADJECTIVE): (कुत्सित): sentimental
Synonyms: over-sentimental, over-emotional
Antonyms: cool
Example Sentence:He paid a mawkish ode to parenthood.
2. REINSTATE (VERB): (बहाल करना): restore
Synonyms: put back, replace
Antonyms: abolish
Example Sentence:The union threatened strike action if Owen was not reinstated.
3. IMPUDENCE (NOUN): (बदतमीजी): impertinence
Synonyms: insolence, effrontery
Antonyms: pertinence
Example Sentence:His arrogance and impudence had offended many.
4. UPBEAT (ADJECTIVE): (उत्साहित): optimistic
Synonyms: cheerful, cheery
Antonyms: pessimistic
Example Sentence:He was upbeat about the company's future.
5. VIBRANT (ADJECTIVE): (जीवंत): spirited
Synonyms: lively, high-spirited
Antonyms: spiritless
Example Sentence:I reside in a vibrant cosmopolitan city.
6. SCINTILLATING (ADJECTIVE): (चकाचौंध में डालनेवाला): brilliant
Synonyms: dazzling, exciting
Antonyms: boring
Example Sentence:The audience loved his scintillating wit.
7. INNATE (ADJECTIVE): (जन्मजात): inborn
Synonyms: natural, inbred
Antonyms: acquired
Example Sentence:She has innate skills for the organization.
8. EXAGGERATE (VERB): (अतिरंजना करना): overstate
Synonyms: overemphasize, overstress
Antonyms: play down
Example Sentence:He was apt to exaggerate any aches and pains.
9. WIT (NOUN): (वाक्-पटुता): intelligence
Synonyms: shrewdness, cleverness
Antonyms: stupidity
Example Sentence:She does not lack perception or native wit.
10. ENIGMATIC (ADJECTIVE): (रहस्यपूर्ण): enigmatic
Synonyms: mysterious, confusing
Antonyms: straightforward
Example Sentence:He found his boss's utterances too cryptic.
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✅Full-Time Organizational Framework
🟣Chairperson: Prime Minister of India.
🟣Vice-Chairperson: Appointed by the Prime Minister, enjoys the rank of a Cabinet Minister.
🟣Full-Time Members: Enjoy the rank of a Minister of State.
🟣Part-Time Members: Maximum of 2, from leading universities, research organizations, or institutions, serving in an ex-officio capacity on a rotational basis.
🟣Ex-Officio Members: A maximum of 4 Union Council of Ministers nominated by the Prime Minister.
🟣Chief Executive Officer (CEO): Appointed by the Prime Minister for a fixed tenure, with the rank of Secretary to the Government of India.
🟣Secretariat: Established as deemed necessary.
✅Objectives of NITI Aayog
🟣Shared Vision: Evolve a shared vision of national development priorities with active state involvement.
🟣Cooperative Federalism: Foster cooperative federalism through structured support initiatives and mechanisms with States.
🟣Credible Plans: Develop mechanisms for formulating credible plans at the village level and aggregate them at higher government levels.
🟣National Security: Ensure national security interests are incorporated in economic strategy and policy.
🟣Inclusive Progress: Focus on sections of society at risk of not benefiting adequately from economic progress.
🟣Innovation Support: Create a knowledge, innovation, and entrepreneurial support system through collaboration.
🟣Issue Resolution: Offer a platform for resolving inter-sectoral and inter-departmental issues.
🟣Technology & Capacity Building: Focus on technology upgradation and capacity building for program implementation.
✅Cooperative Federalism
🟣Goal: Actualize Cooperative Federalism by bringing together the Center and States as 'Team India' to work towards the national development agenda.
✅Steps Taken to Promote Cooperative Federalism
🟣High-Level Meetings: Between the Prime Minister, Cabinet Ministers, and all Chief Ministers.
🟣Subgroups: Subgroups of Chief Ministers on subjects of national importance.
🟣Best Practices Sharing: Encourages the sharing of best practices among states.
🟣Policy Support: Provides policy support and capacity development of State/Union Territory functionaries.
🟣Aspirational Districts Programme: Focused on the development of backward districts.
🟣Theme-Based Engagements: Extensive engagements in various sectors.
🟣Model Laws: Framed model laws for land leasing and agricultural marketing reforms.
🟣Area-Specific Interventions: Interventions for North Eastern and Himalayan States, and island development.
🟣Technical Advice: Offers relevant technical advice to the Centre, States, and Union Territories.
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Role and Powers of the Chief Minister in India
✅Appointment and Authority:
🔴Chief Minister appointed by the Governor according to Article 164 of the Constitution.
🔴The leader of the majority party in the state assembly typically assumes the role.
🔴Real executive authority lies with the Chief Minister, despite the nominal executive authority of the Governor.
✅Discretionary Powers and Influence:
🔴Governor's discretionary powers somewhat diminish the Chief Minister's authority.
🔴Chief Minister's role and influence in state administration may be affected by the Governor's decisions.
✅Term and Removal:
🔴Chief Minister serves at the pleasure of the Governor.
🔴Cannot be dismissed by the Governor if enjoying majority support in the legislative assembly.
🔴Can be removed by a vote of no-confidence passed by the State Legislative Assembly.
✅Powers and Functions:
🔴Council of Ministers: Chief Minister recommends ministers to the Governor and allocates portfolios.
🔴Governor Relations: Acts as a link between the Governor and the state council of ministers.
🔴State Legislature: Announces policies, recommends dissolution of legislative assembly to the Governor.
🔴Other Functions: Chairs the State Planning Board, represents the state in various councils and forums, serves as the chief spokesperson, and manages crises during emergencies.
✅Leadership Roles:
🔴Acts as the political head of the state.
🔴Engages with various sections of society to address their concerns.
🔴Heads the state's civil services.
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🔆Brahmani River
📍Type: Major inter-state east-flowing river in Peninsular India.
📍Other Name: Known as Dhamra in its lower reaches.
📍Origin
✅Confluence: Formed by the confluence of the Sankh and South Koel rivers.
✅Location: Near the major industrial town of Rourkela in Odisha.
📍Sources:
✅Sankh River: Originates near the Jharkhand-Chhattisgarh border.
✅South Koel River: Also rises in Jharkhand.
✅Plateau: Both rivers originate from the Chota Nagpur Plateau.
📍Course
✅States: Flows through Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha.
✅Drainage Area: Drains a total area of 39,033 sq. km before outfall into the Bay of Bengal.
📍Path:
✅Winds generally south-southeast past Bonaigarh and Talcher in Odisha.
✅Turns east to join the northern branches of the Mahanadi River.
📍Delta:
✅Forms a delta at the confluence point with the Mahanadi.
✅Site of the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, famous for estuarine crocodiles.
📍Length
✅Total Length: About 799 km.
✅Odisha: 541 km of its course is in Odisha.
🔴Basin
📍Boundaries:
✅North: Chhotanagpur Plateau.
✅West and South: Mahanadi basin.
✅East: Bay of Bengal.
✅Eastern Ghats: Cuts across the Eastern Ghats, forming a minor gorge at Rengali, where a dam is built.
📍Tributaries
✅Principal Tributaries: Sankh, Tikra, and Karo.
🔆ब्राह्मणी नदी
📍प्रकार: प्रायद्वीपीय भारत में प्रमुख अंतर-राज्यीय पूर्व की ओर बहने वाली नदी।
📍अन्य नाम: इसकी निचली पहुंच में इसे धामरा के नाम से जाना जाता है।
📍उत्पत्ति
✅संगम: शंख और दक्षिण कोयल नदियों के संगम से बनी है।
✅स्थान: ओडिशा के प्रमुख औद्योगिक शहर राउरकेला के पास।
📍स्रोत:
✅शंख नदी: झारखंड-छत्तीसगढ़ सीमा के पास से निकलती है।
✅दक्षिण कोयल नदी: झारखंड में भी निकलती है।
✅पठार: दोनों नदियाँ छोटा नागपुर पठार से निकलती हैं।
📍मार्ग
✅राज्य: झारखंड, छत्तीसगढ़ और ओडिशा से होकर बहती है।
✅जल निकासी क्षेत्र: बंगाल की खाड़ी में गिरने से पहले कुल 39,033 वर्ग किमी क्षेत्र में जल निकासी होती है।
📍पथ:
✅ओडिशा में बोनाईगढ़ और तालचेर से होते हुए आमतौर पर दक्षिण-दक्षिणपूर्व की ओर बहती है।
✅महानदी नदी की उत्तरी शाखाओं में शामिल होने के लिए पूर्व की ओर मुड़ती है।
📍डेल्टा:
✅महानदी के साथ संगम बिंदु पर एक डेल्टा बनाती है।
✅भितरकनिका वन्यजीव अभयारण्य का स्थल, जो मुहाना मगरमच्छों के लिए प्रसिद्ध है।
📍लंबाई
✅कुल लंबाई: लगभग 799 किमी।
✅ओडिशा: इसका 541 किमी का मार्ग ओडिशा में है।
🔴बेसिन
📍सीमाएँ:
✅उत्तर: छोटानागपुर पठार।
✅पश्चिम और दक्षिण: महानदी बेसिन।
✅पूर्व: बंगाल की खाड़ी।
✅पूर्वी घाट: पूर्वी घाट को काटती हुई रेंगाली में एक छोटी घाटी बनाती है, जहाँ एक बाँध बनाया गया है।
📍सहायक नदियाँ
✅मुख्य सहायक नदियाँ: शंख, टिकरा और कारो।
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🔥🔴 The Hindu Analysis (INA) 08 August 2024 (#UPSC #IAS)
🔥🔥 Live Video Link- https://youtube.com/live/LSL1U3x0fi4
😢Heart Breaking: Vinesh Phogat disqualified
😡Video Link- https://youtu.be/1rq4sLg4nOM
🔆Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002
📍Purpose: Enacted to prevent money laundering and related offenses in India.
📍Money Laundering: Involves making illegally obtained funds appear legitimate by integrating them into the financial system.
📍Global Commitment: Enacted as part of India's commitment to combat money laundering under international agreements like the Vienna Convention.
🔴Regulating Authorities
📍Directorate of Enforcement (ED)
✅Primary Authority: Responsible for investigating and prosecuting money laundering.
✅Function: Operates under the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance.
✅Supreme Court Ruling: The ED cannot arrest someone under the PMLA simply for not responding to their queries and summons.
📍Financial Intelligence Unit - India (FIU-IND)
✅Role: Receives, processes, analyzes, and disseminates information related to suspicious financial transactions.
✅Function: Works under the Finance Ministry and collaborates with enforcement agencies and foreign Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs).
🔆धन शोधन निवारण अधिनियम (पीएमएलए), 2002
📍उद्देश्य: भारत में धन शोधन और संबंधित अपराधों को रोकने के लिए अधिनियमित।
📍धन शोधन: इसमें अवैध रूप से प्राप्त धन को वित्तीय प्रणाली में एकीकृत करके उसे वैध दिखाना शामिल है।
📍वैश्विक प्रतिबद्धता: वियना कन्वेंशन जैसे अंतर्राष्ट्रीय समझौतों के तहत धन शोधन से निपटने के लिए भारत की प्रतिबद्धता के हिस्से के रूप में अधिनियमित।
🔴नियामक प्राधिकरण
📍प्रवर्तन निदेशालय (ईडी)
✅प्राथमिक प्राधिकरण: धन शोधन की जांच और मुकदमा चलाने के लिए जिम्मेदार।
✅कार्य: वित्त मंत्रालय के राजस्व विभाग के अधीन कार्य करता है।
✅सुप्रीम कोर्ट का फैसला: ईडी किसी व्यक्ति को पीएमएलए के तहत केवल इसलिए गिरफ्तार नहीं कर सकता क्योंकि उसने उनके सवालों और समन का जवाब नहीं दिया।
📍वित्तीय खुफिया इकाई - भारत (FIU-IND)
✅भूमिका: संदिग्ध वित्तीय लेनदेन से संबंधित जानकारी प्राप्त करना, उसका प्रसंस्करण करना, उसका विश्लेषण करना और उसका प्रसार करना।
✅कार्य: वित्त मंत्रालय के अधीन काम करता है और प्रवर्तन एजेंसियों और विदेशी वित्तीय खुफिया इकाइयों (FIU) के साथ सहयोग करता है।
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✅ #Vocabulary
1. SCANDALOUS (ADJECTIVE): (अपमानपूर्ण): discreditable
Synonyms: disreputable, dishonourable
Antonyms: seemly
Example Sentence:The magazine published scandalous pictures of the movie star.
2. ACQUIT (VERB): (बरी करना): absolve
Synonyms: clear, exonerate
Antonyms: convict
Example Sentence: One was brought to trial on a charge of affray and was acquitted.
3. RETROGADE (ADJECTIVE): (प्रतिगामी): regressive
Synonyms: negative, downhill
Antonyms: positive
Example Sentence:To go back on the progress that has been made would be a retrograde step.
4. PERSEVERANCE (NOUN): (दृढ़ता): persistence
Synonyms: tenacity, determination
Antonyms: irresolution
Example Sentence:His perseverance with the technique illustrates his single-mindedness.
5. BANKRUPT (ADJECTIVE): (दिवालिया): insolvent
Synonyms: bankrupted, failed
Antonyms: solvent
Example Sentence: His father went bankrupt and the family had to sell their home.
6. OUST (VERB): (बाहर निकालना): expel
Synonyms: force out, remove
Antonyms: readmit
Example Sentence: The reformists were ousted from power.
7. BLIGHT (NOUN): (क्षति): affliction
Synonyms: scourge, bane
Antonyms: blessing
Example Sentence: The vacant properties are a blight on the neighbourhood.
8. DISPLACE (NOUN): (स्थान से हटाना): depose
Synonyms: dislodge, unseat
Antonyms: reinstate
Example Sentence: His aides were discredited and displaced.
9. IMPLICATION (NOUN): (निहितार्थ): suggestion
Synonyms: inference, insinuation
Antonyms: explicit statement
Example Sentence: The implication is that no one person at the bank is responsible.
10. FUNDAMENTAL (NOUN): (मूल): basics
Synonyms: essentials, rudiments
Antonyms: advanced principles
Example Sentence: Two courses cover the fundamentals of microbiology.
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