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🔥🔴 The Hindu Analysis (INA) 17 July 2024 (#UPSC #IAS)
🔥🔥 Live Video Link- https://youtube.com/live/r83Fac_G1Jc
● Pradhanmantri Suryodaya Yojana:
✅The scheme has the target of installing rooftop solar on one crore houses.
✅Currently, there is no centrally compiled estimate of the number of households in India with rooftop solar installations.
✅As of July 31, 2023, only 2.2 GW (1 GW is 1,000 MW) worth of rooftop installations were reportedly installed in Indian homes, according to information presented to the Lok Sabha.
✅The government, since 2010, has been claiming to install 100 GW by 2022 — 60 GW from utility project (mega concentrated solar parks) and 40 GW from rooftop solar.
✅So far, about 56 GW has been installed in the utilities (July 2023) and 12 GW in rooftops.
✅Rooftop solar installations include panels in offices and homes.
✅Of the nearly 12 GW of rooftop solar installations as of July 2023, about 87% are “non-residential”, according to a report by JMK Research.
✅India has consistently added around 2 GW annually (rooftop) but most of these are in offices and buildings.
✅Currently, the incentive structures are such that it benefits commercial entities more than individual houses (to install solar panels).
● प्रधानमंत्री सूर्योदय योजना:
✅इस योजना का लक्ष्य एक करोड़ घरों पर छत पर सौर ऊर्जा स्थापित करना है।
✅वर्तमान में, भारत में छत पर सौर ऊर्जा स्थापित करने वाले घरों की संख्या का कोई केंद्रीय संकलित अनुमान नहीं है।
✅लोकसभा में प्रस्तुत जानकारी के अनुसार, 31 जुलाई, 2023 तक, भारतीय घरों में केवल 2.2 गीगावाट (1 गीगावाट 1,000 मेगावाट है) मूल्य की छत पर स्थापना की गई थी।
✅सरकार, 2010 से, 2022 तक 100 गीगावाट स्थापित करने का दावा कर रही है - उपयोगिता परियोजना (मेगा केंद्रित सौर पार्क) से 60 गीगावाट और छत पर सौर ऊर्जा से 40 गीगावाट।
✅अब तक, उपयोगिताओं में लगभग 56 गीगावाट (जुलाई 2023) और छतों में 12 गीगावाट स्थापित किया गया है।
✅रूफटॉप सोलर इंस्टॉलेशन में ऑफिस और घरों में पैनल शामिल हैं।
✅जेएमके रिसर्च की एक रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, जुलाई 2023 तक लगभग 12 गीगावॉट रूफटॉप सोलर इंस्टॉलेशन में से लगभग 87% “गैर-आवासीय” हैं।
✅भारत ने लगातार सालाना लगभग 2 गीगावॉट (रूफटॉप) जोड़ा है, लेकिन इनमें से ज़्यादातर ऑफिस और इमारतों में हैं।
✅वर्तमान में, प्रोत्साहन संरचना ऐसी है कि इससे व्यक्तिगत घरों (सौर पैनल लगाने के लिए) की तुलना में वाणिज्यिक संस्थाओं को अधिक लाभ होता है।
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Armenia
▪️ Armenia and Azerbaijan have again agreed to respect a "humanitarian ceasefire" in the Nagorno-Karabakh region.
▪️ Armenia is located in the geopolitical Transcaucasus (South Caucasus) region.
▪️ Bordered by Georgia and Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkey.
▪️ Remember as Armenia - AGIT / GAIT
▪️ Nakhichevan (Naxcivan), an exclave of Azerbaijan, borders Armenia to the southwest.
▪️ The capital is Yerevan (Erevan).
▪️ The status of Nagorno-Karabakh, an enclave of 1,700 square miles in southwestern Azerbaijan populated primarily by Armenians, was from 1988 the source of bitter conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan.
▪️ It is a Landlocked country.
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#Vocab
Mogul
a very wealthy or powerful businessperson.
एक बहुत अमीर या शक्तिशाली व्यवसायी।
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🔥🔥UPSC EPFO APFC 2023 Final Result out
🔥🔥 Video Link- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ChC-JjmsC4
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🔥🔴 The Hindu Analysis (INA) 15 July 2024 (#UPSC #IAS)
🔥🔥 Live Video Link- https://youtube.com/live/9nH8Lv9ELy0
🏆🥇 #ImproveYourEnglish
#Session_11👇
What is the meaning and origin of ‘bite the bullet’?
This idiom has been around for several centuries, and it is mostly used in informal contexts. When someone tells you to ‘bite the bullet’, what he is asking you to do is to be prepared to face a rather unpleasant or tough situation. You have been avoiding it for a while, but the time has come for you to face it. It can no longer be avoided. Take a deep breath, and force yourself to do something that you don’t really want to.
We’ll be staying with your uncle. I know you don’t like him much. You’ll just have to bite the bullet for a couple of days.
With another increase in the price of petrol, it’s not just the auto-drivers who are biting the bullet.
There are several explanations as to the origin of the idiom. One of them is that it first began to be used in the military. Before painkillers were invented, when a patient had to be operated on, the doctor usually gave him a piece of wood or a piece of iron to bite on. This was to help the patient endure the pain — and also ensure that he did not scream into the doctor’s ears. During wars, when surgeries were performed close to the battlefield, wounded soldiers were given a bullet to bite on.
What is the difference between ‘ensure’ and ‘assure’?
There are several ways of pronouncing the two words; I will deal with only one here. The first syllable of ‘ensure’ is pronounced like the word ‘in’, while the second sounds like the word ‘shore’. The word is pronounced ‘in-SHORE’ with the stress on the second syllable. The first vowel in ‘assure’ sounds like the ‘a’ in ‘china’. The word is pronounced ‘e-SHORE’. Although there is a tendency among some people to use the two words interchangeably, there is a difference in meaning between them. When you ‘assure’ someone of something, you are putting someone’s mind at ease by making a promise that something will be done. When you assure your business partner, for example, that you will have the report ready by Monday, what you are doing is making a commitment to him – you are giving him your word that you will have the report ready on or before Monday. You are removing all doubts.
The CEO assured everyone that there would be no layoffs.
The builder assured us that the flat would be ready by June.
While ‘assure’ is mostly used to talk about people, ‘ensure’ is used to talk about things. When you ‘ensure’ something, you do everything you possible can to make it happen. In other words, you are guaranteeing something. For example, you may assure your friend that your dog doesn’t bite. But in order to ensure that it doesn’t, you may choose to lock the animal up in another room. In other words, you are taking the necessary precaution to make sure that the dog doesn’t bite the person.
Please ensure that the money goes to the needy.
Malathi, your job is to ensure that the bride and the groom arrive on time.
Do not worry about your difficulties in mathematics. I can assure you, mine are still greater.
-Albert Einstein
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🔆Pakke Tiger Reserve
📍Location and Area
✅District: Situated in the East Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh.
✅Total Area: Covers an area of 862 square kilometers.
✅Elevation: Ranges from 100 to 2,000 meters (330 to 6,560 feet).
📍Geographical Boundaries
✅Rivers: Bounded by the Bhareli or Kameng River in the west and north, and by the Pakke River in the east.
📍Surrounding Areas:
✅North: Tenga Reserve Forest
✅West: Doimara Reserve Forest
✅South: Nameri National Park and Tiger Reserve (Assam)
✅East: Papum Reserve Forest and agricultural land
📍Landscape and Ecology
✅Transition Zone: Located in the transition zone between the Assam plains and the hilly forests of Arunachal Pradesh.
✅Eco-Regions: Forms the transition zone between the Indian and Malayan eco-regions, resulting in high species diversity and endemicity.
✅Vegetation: Includes lowland semi-evergreen, evergreen forest, and Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests.
📍Flora
✅Key Species: Polyalthia simiarum, Pterospermum acerifolium, Sterculia alata, Stereospermum chelonioides, Ailanthus grandis, and Duabanga grandiflor.
✅Bamboo: About eight species of bamboo occur in the area.
📍Fauna
✅Mammals: Includes tiger, leopard, clouded leopard, jungle cat, wild dog, jackal, Himalayan black bear, binturong, elephant, gaur, sambar, hog deer, barking deer, wild boar, yellow-throated marten, Malayan giant squirrel, and flying squirrel.
📍Human Inhabitants
✅Nyishi Tribe: The area is inhabited by the Nyishi tribe, who play a significant role in the conservation of the reserve.
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Major oil refineries in India
▪️ Digboi
▪️Bongaigaon
▪️Noonmati
▪️Numaligarh
▪️Koyali
▪️Haldia
▪️Vizag
▪️Kochi
▪️Mangalore
▪️Chennai
▪️Trombay
▪️Jamnagar
▪️Paradeep
▪️Ratnagiri
▪️Vadinar
▪️Tatipaka
▪️Nagapatnam
▪️Mathura
▪️Karnak
▪️Bina
▪️Panipat
▪️ Bhatinda
भारत में प्रमुख तेल रिफाइनरियाँ
▪️ डिगबोई
▪️ बोंगाईगांव
▪️ नूनमाटी
▪️ नुमालीगढ़
▪️ कोयाली
▪️ हल्दिया
▪️ विजाग
▪️ कोच्चि
▪️ मैंगलोर
▪️ चेन्नई
▪️ ट्रॉम्बे
▪️ जामनगर
▪️ पारादीप
▪️ रत्नागिरी
▪️ वाडीनार
▪️ तातिपका
▪️ नागपट्टनम
▪️ मथुरा
▪️ कर्नाक
▪️ बीना
▪️ पानीपत
▪️ भटिंडा
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📌📌Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve
✅Districts: Spread across Sagar, Damoh, and Narsinghpur districts in Madhya Pradesh.
✅Size: Encompasses an expansive area of 2,339 square kilometers.
✅Sanctuaries: Includes areas within the Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary and Durgavati Wildlife Sanctuary.
✅Significance
🔴State: It is the seventh tiger reserve in Madhya Pradesh.
🔴Namesake: Named after Rani Durgavati, the queen of the Gondi people.
🔴Historical Site: The Singorgarh Fort is located within the reserve.
✅Geography and Landscape
🔴Diverse Landscape: Features hills, valleys, rivers, streams, waterfalls, and grasslands.
🔴River Basins: Straddles parts of the Narmada and Yamuna River basins.
✅Vegetation
🔴Type: Predominantly dry deciduous forest.
🔴Flora: Includes species such as Teak, Saja, Dhaora, Ber, and Amla.
✅Fauna
🔴Mammals: Home to a variety of species including tigers, leopards, wolves, jackals, Indian foxes, striped hyenas, Nilgai, Chinkara, Chital, Sambhar, Black Buck, Barking deer, and Rhesus Macaques.
🔴Birds: One of the few remaining strongholds for the critically endangered White-Rumped and Indian Vultures.
✅Conservation Efforts
🔴Green Corridor: A green corridor linking Panna Tiger Reserve (PTR) with Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve is being developed to facilitate the natural movement of tigers to the new reserve.
📌📌वीरांगना दुर्गावती टाइगर रिजर्व
✅जिले: मध्य प्रदेश के सागर, दमोह और नरसिंहपुर जिलों में फैले हुए हैं।
✅आकार: 2,339 वर्ग किलोमीटर के विशाल क्षेत्र को शामिल करता है।
✅अभयारण्य: नौरादेही वन्यजीव अभयारण्य और दुर्गावती वन्यजीव अभयारण्य के भीतर के क्षेत्र शामिल हैं।
✅महत्व
🔴राज्य: यह मध्य प्रदेश का सातवाँ बाघ अभयारण्य है।
🔴नाम: गोंडी लोगों की रानी, रानी दुर्गावती के नाम पर।
🔴ऐतिहासिक स्थल: सिंगोरगढ़ किला रिजर्व के भीतर स्थित है।
✅भूगोल और परिदृश्य
🔴विविध परिदृश्य: पहाड़ियाँ, घाटियाँ, नदियाँ, झरने और घास के मैदान।
🔴नदी बेसिन: नर्मदा और यमुना नदी बेसिन के कुछ हिस्सों में फैला हुआ है।
✅वनस्पति
🔴प्रकार: मुख्य रूप से शुष्क पर्णपाती वन।
🔴वनस्पति: इसमें सागौन, साजा, धोरा, बेर और आंवला जैसी प्रजातियाँ शामिल हैं।
✅जीव-जंतु
🔴स्तनधारी: बाघ, तेंदुए, भेड़िये, सियार, भारतीय लोमड़ी, धारीदार लकड़बग्घा, नीलगाय, चिंकारा, चीतल, सांभर, काला हिरण, भौंकने वाला हिरण और रीसस मैकाक सहित कई प्रजातियों का घर।
🔴पक्षी: गंभीर रूप से लुप्तप्राय सफेद-पूंछ वाले और भारतीय गिद्धों के लिए कुछ बचे हुए गढ़ों में से एक।
✅संरक्षण प्रयास
🔴ग्रीन कॉरिडोर: पन्ना टाइगर रिजर्व (पीटीआर) को वीरांगना दुर्गावती टाइगर रिजर्व से जोड़ने वाला एक ग्रीन कॉरिडोर विकसित किया जा रहा है, ताकि नए रिजर्व में बाघों की प्राकृतिक आवाजाही को सुविधाजनक बनाया जा सके।
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● Swachh Survekshan:
✅Swachh Survekshan is the world’s largest urban sanitation and cleanliness survey.
✅Started in 2016 with 73 cities, the annual ranking covers 4,416 urban local bodies, 61 cantonments, and 88 Ganga towns in 2023.
✅It is conducted under the ambit of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban).
✅It was launched by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) with Quality Council of India (QCI) as its implementation partner.
✅Objective: To encourage large-scale citizen participation and create awareness amongst all sections of society about the importance of working together toward making towns and cities better places to reside in.
✅The methodology for measuring cleanliness rests on two main criterias viz. citizen feedback and field assessment.
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🏆🥇 #ImproveYourEnglish
#Session_10👇
“Good morning, sir.”
“Good morning. I have been wanting to ask you something. Tell me, where does your sister live?”
“She lives in Bangalore, sir.”
“When did she go there?”
“She went there in 1980.”
“So she has been living in Bangalore for three years?”
“Yes, sir. She has been living in Bangalore since 1980.”
“What’s your brother-in-law doing?”
“He’s a superintendent in a government office.”
“How long has he been working as superintendent?”
“He has been working as superintendent since 1975.”
“Oh! He has been working as superintendent for eight years. When did he go to Bangalore first?
“He went there in 1968.”
“So, he has been living there for 15 years.”
“Yes, sir. He has been living in Bangalore since 1968.”
“Well, you know how to use the present perfect progressive. Let’s discuss this a bit. You use the present perfect (I have done my home work) to convey the present result of a past action. We have already discussed this. We use the present perfect continuous (I have been doing my home work all afternoon) to express an action that started in the past and is still continuing. The time the action has taken is also mentioned. Very often the present perfect continuous is used with for or since. For expresses the duration of action and since when the action began. I’ll give some more examples:
Ram has been waiting since morning.
This means that Ram came this morning and is still waiting.
I have been studying German for three years.
This means that I started studying German three years ago and am still studying it.
I have several other things to say about the present perfect and the present perfect continuous. But not now. One thing at a time. Otherwise you will get confused.”
“Sir, is there a difference between ‘enormousness’ and ‘enormity?
“Enormous’ means ‘huge’, ‘large’. Enormousness is the noun form. ‘Enormity’ means ‘monstrous’, ‘wickedness’ or dreadful crime’. Enormousness refers to immensity of size and enormity to immensity of crime.
The distinction between the two words is maintained by careful writers and speakers.
However, these days a lot of native speakers use enormity in the sense of enormousness. At the recent Commonwealth Summit meeting, the Australian Prime Minister used it in that sense. He referred to the enormity of India’s problems. The seventh edition of COD lists enormousness as one of the meanings of enormity. But it adds that despite its wide use in the new sense, “it is still the subject of much adverse comment by a significant number of educated writers’.”
“How do you pronounce ‘exert’, sir?”
“Well, it is pronounced ‘igxert’. ig is as in dig, pig and big. Zert rhymes with dirt, curt, and hurt. The stress is on the second syllable, that is, zert. Well, that’s enough for the day. Goodbye.”
“Thank you, sir. Goodbye.”
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Today's Editorial (12-07-2024)
Can of worms: On NEET-UG 2024
The government must ensure greater transparency in NEET
Trust can be everything, in governance. The can of worms that split open with the publication of results of the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET)-UG-2024 has elevated the entrance examination for medical (and dental) seats to a metaphor for distrust in the system, among the people. This year, dogged by accusations of paper leak, malpractices, and technical failures, besides the grant of grace marks to some students, NEET, which was conceived to homogenise selection on merit, has now morphed into a beast that is far removed from its original idea. The Supreme Court of India, on Thursday, rescheduled the NEET-UG hearing to July 18, to address complaints regarding irregularities and malpractices during the exam conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA). A CBI investigation into the charges is ongoing. Meanwhile, the Centre has leaned heavily on a report, a data analysis, submitted by IIT Madras, examining the results to see if malpractices have occurred. The report’s executive summary claimed that there was no abnormality that was discovered in a centre and city-wise analysis that was done for two years. The analysis was carried out for the top 1.4 lakh ranks in the country. It further stated that there was no evidence of either mass malpractice or a localised set of candidates benefiting. The overall increase of marks among students, a charge that was laid out initially, is attributed to the 25% reduction in syllabus, and it confirms that this occurred across multiple cities. However, outrage among student applicants on social media continues.
While NEET is no stranger to controversy, with States opposing it, the charges that have been levelled against it this year have had the effect of invoking distrust against the test among a larger subsect of chary students across the country. The only way to move forward from here is to ensure that the issue is debated threadbare on public platforms and all doubt is removed, instead of trying to sweep the worms that have spilled out under the carpet. Loud denials of malpractice should be matched with the willingness to engage with those affected in a public forum and provide clarifications. Where errors have taken place, as is possible in an exercise of this scale, it behoves a proper acknowledgement and apology. When trust is violated, the reparation for it should sometimes be utter honesty. For the longer term, the government must introduce greater limpidity in the examination process, and make sure that the NTA and its line agencies remain committed to maintaining transparency. It might also be the opportunity to set right other issues raised about the conduct of the examination itself, including security checks on students.
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https://youtube.com/shorts/-_2CJQ1QVuc?si=6wjjyLCFlDPskS5w
Читать полностью…🔥🔥16 Jul 2024 - The Hindu (INA) Class Discussion👉 Enjoy your PDF with full content @StudYLoveRVeeR
Читать полностью…✅ Daily Vocabulary
1. EXCURSION (VERB): (भ्रमण): cruise
Synonyms: expedition, jaunt
Antonyms: halt, stop
Example Sentence: Our island excursion of Honduras was filled with touring the landmarks.
2. UNFEIGNED (ADJECTIVE): (अकृत्रिम): original
Synonyms: genuine, real
Antonyms: pretentious, counterfeit
Example Sentence: The reality show was completely unfeigned and free of scripted fights.
3. CRAVING (NOUN): (तृष्णा): strong desire
Synonyms: appetite, hankering
Antonyms: disgust, dislike
Example Sentence: His mind is full of unpleasant, unsatisfied craving.
4. QUIRK (NOUN): (पागलपन): eccentricity
Synonyms: oddity, foible
Antonyms: normality, inability
Example Sentence: Wearing only pink socks is Gayatri’s oddest quirk.
5. CAUCUS (NOUN): (दल): group gathered to make decisions
Synonyms: gathering, convention
Antonym: individual, one
Example Sentence: The legislative caucus had a long discussion over the new bill.
6. TUMULT (NOUN): (कोलाहल): chaos
Synonyms: commotion, agitation
Antonyms: harmony, peace
Example sentence: The petrol prices are rising due to the political tumult in the gulf countries
7. BUNGLE (VERB): (घपला): mess up
Synonyms: blunder, mismanage
Antonyms: manage, fix
Example Sentence: He was fired as he could bungle the simplest of tasks given to him.
8. FOLKSY (ADJECTIVE): (मिलनसार): casual
Synonyms: homey, informal
Antonyms: formal, cold
Example Sentence: Anuradha is a folksy fellow.
9. CREAK (VERB): (चरमराना): squeak
Synonyms: groan, screech
Antonyms: mumble, whisper
Example Sentence: There was a loud creak in the corridor.
10. TIRADE (NOUN): (आक्षेप): abuse
Synonyms: ranting, denunciation
Antonyms: praise, complement
Example Sentence: The employee launched a tirade when fired from his job.
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#Session_12👇
“Good morning, sir.”
“Good morning.”
“What’s a synonym, sir? I don’t even know how to pronounce it?”
“Syno is pronounced exactly like sinner and it rhymes with winner and dinner. Nym rhymes with dim, him and rim. So it is Sinanim and the stress is on the first syllable, sin. A synonym is a word which has the same meaning or nearly the same meaning as another word in the same language. The meanings may not be identical but there will be certain common features.
Take for instance, home and house. These two are alike in that they refer to where people live. But a house is not a home. There are thousands of houses in a city. But the one you choose to live in with your family becomes your home. The word home has a certain warmth that a house doesn’t have.
You pay house rent and not home rent.
“Make yourself at home” says the host at parties. A home is more than a house. Home and house are similar in some respects and different in other respects.
Synonyms generally don’t have identical meanings. If you don’t use them with care, you will be in trouble.
John Donovon wrote a witty verse on this in 1946 in the Saturday Evening Post. This will tell you effectively and humorously what a synonym is:
Call a woman a kitten, but never a cat;
You can call her a mouse, cannot call her a rat;
Call a woman a chicken, but never a hen!
Or you surely will not be her caller again.
You can call her a duck, cannot call her a goose;
You can call her a deer, but never a moose;
You can call her a lamb, but never a sheep;
Economic she likes, but you can’t call her cheap.
You can say she’s a vision, can’t say she’s a sight;
And no woman is skinny, she’s slender and slight!
If she should burn you up, say she sets you afire;
And you’ll always be welcome, you tricky old liar.
“Isn’t this good?”
“It’s wonderful, sir. What’s the meaning of ‘he is loaded’ sir?
“It depends on the context. When you say that someone is loaded, it means either he is rich or he is drunk.
Aren’t they loaded? Of course, they are. But they are mean
I hope you understand. That’s enough for the day. Wish you a happy, prosperous and peaceful New Year.”
“I wish you the same, sir. Thank you, sir. Goodbye.”
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🔆Bharat Ratna
✅It is the highest civilian Award of the country which was instituted in the year 1954.
📍Eligibility:
✅Any person without distinction of race, occupation, position or sex is eligible for these awards.
✅Though usually conferred on India-born citizens, the Bharat Ratna has been awarded to one naturalised citizen, Mother Teresa, and to two non-Indians, Pakistan national Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan and former South African President Nelson Mandela.
✅The original statutes did not provide for posthumous awards but were amended in 1955 to permit them. Former Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri became the first individual to be honoured posthumously.
✅On conferment of the award, the recipient receives a Sanad (certificate) signed by the President and a medallion. The award does not carry any monetary grant.
🔆भारत रत्न
✅यह देश का सर्वोच्च नागरिक पुरस्कार है जिसकी स्थापना वर्ष 1954 में की गई थी।
📍पात्रता:
✅जाति, व्यवसाय, पद या लिंग के भेदभाव के बिना कोई भी व्यक्ति इन पुरस्कारों के लिए पात्र है।
✅हालाँकि आमतौर पर भारत में जन्मे नागरिकों को ही भारत रत्न दिया जाता है, लेकिन अब तक एक प्राकृतिक नागरिक मदर टेरेसा और दो गैर-भारतीयों, पाकिस्तानी नागरिक खान अब्दुल गफ्फार खान और दक्षिण अफ्रीका के पूर्व राष्ट्रपति नेल्सन मंडेला को भारत रत्न से सम्मानित किया जा चुका है।
✅मूल क़ानून में मरणोपरांत पुरस्कार देने का प्रावधान नहीं था, लेकिन 1955 में उन्हें अनुमति देने के लिए इसमें संशोधन किया गया। पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री लाल बहादुर शास्त्री मरणोपरांत सम्मानित होने वाले पहले व्यक्ति बने।
✅पुरस्कार दिए जाने पर, प्राप्तकर्ता को राष्ट्रपति द्वारा हस्ताक्षरित एक सनद (प्रमाणपत्र) और एक पदक दिया जाता है। पुरस्कार के साथ कोई मौद्रिक अनुदान नहीं दिया जाता है।
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वीरांगना दुर्गावती टाइगर रिजर्व
👇
MAJOR PORTS in India with the state it is located
▪️ Kandla Port - Gujarat
▪️ Mumbai - Maharashtra
▪️ Mormugoa - Goa
▪️ Visakhapatanam - Andhra Pradesh
▪️ Jawaharlal Nehru Port - Maharashtra
▪️ Paradip - Odhisa
▪️ Kolkata & Haldia - West Bengal
▪️ New Mangalore Port - Karnataka
▪️ Tuticorin - Tamilnadu
▪️ Cochin - Kerala
▪️ Encore - Tamilnadu
▪️ Chennai Port - Tamil Nadu
भारत के प्रमुख बंदरगाह और उनका राज्य
▪️ कांडला बंदरगाह - गुजरात
▪️ मुंबई - महाराष्ट्र
▪️ मोरमुगोआ - गोवा
▪️ विशाखापत्तनम - आंध्र प्रदेश
▪️ जवाहरलाल नेहरू बंदरगाह - महाराष्ट्र
▪️ पारादीप - ओडिशा
▪️ कोलकाता और हल्दिया - पश्चिम बंगाल
▪️ न्यू मैंगलोर बंदरगाह - कर्नाटक
▪️ तूतीकोरिन - तमिलनाडु
▪️ कोचीन - केरल
▪️ एनकोर - तमिलनाडु
▪️ चेन्नई बंदरगाह - तमिलनाडु
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✅ Daily Vocabulary
1. SATISFACTORY (ADJECTIVE): (संतोषजनक): adequate
Synonyms: all right, acceptable
Antonyms: unsatisfactory
Example Sentence:He did not get a satisfactory reply.
2. VEHEMENCE (NOUN): (जुनून): passion
Synonyms: force, ardour
Antonyms: apathy
Example Sentence:There was a lot of vehemence in his reaction.
3. BLISTERING (ADJECTIVE): (बर्बर): savage
Synonyms: vicious, fierce
Antonyms: mild
Example Sentence:There was a blistering attack on the government's transport policy.
4. RESOLVE (NOUN): (दृढ़ निश्चय): determination
Synonyms: resolution, purpose
Antonyms: indecision
Example Sentence:She received information which had strengthened her resolve.
5. EXPERIMENTAL (ADJECTIVE): (परिवर्तनात्मक): innovative
Synonyms: new, original
Antonyms: stale
Example Sentence:She is a huge admirer of experimental music.
6. THRIVE (VERB): (फलना-फूलना): flourish
Synonyms: prosper, burgeon
Antonyms: decline
Example Sentence:Education groups thrive on organization.
7. ACADEMIC (ADJECTIVE): (सैद्धांतिक): theoretical
Synonyms: conceptual, notional
Antonyms: practical
Example Sentence:The debate has been largely academic.
8. PROTRACT (VERB): (बढ़ाना): prolong
Synonyms: extend, draw out
Antonyms: curtail
Example Sentence:He had certainly taken his time, even protracting the process.
9. INFREQUENT (ADJECTIVE): (असामान्य): rare
Synonyms: uncommon unusual
Antonyms: frequent
Example Sentence:Her visits were sudden and infrequent.
10. EARMARK (VERB): (चिह्नित करना): set aside
Synonyms: reserve, appropriate
Antonyms: use up
Example Sentence:The cash had been earmarked for a big expansion of the programme.
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