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3D Simulation of the Sun: Turbulent Flows in Its Upper Layers
Scientists have created a 3D simulation of the Sun, focusing on the turbulent flows in its upper layers. The movement of solar plasma resembles a boiling cauldron or the chaotic swirls of a school of fish, as material rises to the surface or sinks deeper.
“Our simulations use what we call a realistic approach — this means incorporating everything currently known about solar plasma to replicate various phenomena observed by NASA’s space missions,” explained Irina Kitiashvili, a scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Center, who led the study.
Leveraging advanced computational power, the team managed for the first time to simulate fine structures in the subsurface layer, which are also observed by NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory.
“Currently, we lack sufficient computational capacity to create realistic global models of the entire Sun due to its complexity,” noted Kitiashvili. “Instead, we model smaller regions or layers that reveal structures on the Sun’s surface and atmosphere — such as shock waves or tornado-like phenomena just a few miles across. These are far more detailed structures than any spacecraft can capture.”
Such simulations provide invaluable insights into the dynamics of the Sun, offering a glimpse into processes that fuel solar activity and influence space weather.
#science #space #sun
The final phase of testing for the HIV drug “Lenacapavir” has demonstrated 99% effectiveness, according to Emory University. The drug was developed by researchers at Gilead Sciences.
Mass production and application of the medication are scheduled to begin in 2025. The main challenge remains its cost: a one-year treatment course is priced at $40,000. @science
Breakthrough in Cancer Treatment: Russian Scientists Lead the Way
A groundbreaking oncological vaccine developed by Russian scientists has shown astonishing results in preclinical trials, as reported by Alexander Gintsburg, Director of the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology.
“We’ve observed melanoma tumors completely dissolve during preclinical tests—not just the primary tumor but also metastases. I believe we may soon see its potential even in patients with Stage IV cancer.”
Guardians of order: Leukocytes navigate between red blood cells, inspecting for pathogens.
#science
Landing on a comet! Let’s revisit the historic event of 2014, when the Philae lander separated from the Rosetta spacecraft, which was studying the Churyumov–Gerasimenko comet, and attempted a landing. Unfortunately, not everything went as planned: although Philae did reach the comet’s surface, it failed to anchor properly and bounced several times. This is an animation created from images captured during the landing. Agilkia was the designated landing site.
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On Green Energy: A Critical Look at LCOE
LCOE (Levelized Cost of Electricity) is the average calculated cost of electricity generation over the entire lifecycle of a power plant. It’s a key metric often cited to promote solar and wind energy projects. However, it’s worth looking beyond these abstract numbers.
If a salesperson for solar panels or wind turbines argues for the cost-effectiveness of renewable energy solely using LCOE, show them this graph:
The expenses for electricity transmission and distribution increase exponentially with the integration of renewable energy sources.
A look at the capital investments in the U.S. energy sector over the past 20 years reveals an interesting trend. Since 2008, investments in generation equipment—whether in thermal power plants (TPPs), nuclear power plants (NPPs), solar power plants (SPPs), or wind farms—have remained relatively stable, largely unaffected by the “green energy” trend.
Meanwhile, spending on electricity transmission and distribution has surged by 2.5–3 times. Even more significant costs emerge in low-voltage networks when implementing renewable energy systems. Installing rooftop solar panels, for instance, requires smart meters, robust transformers, upgrades to local distribution networks, and battery installations.
These costs are never accounted for in LCOE calculations but ultimately fall on the consumer, creating a hidden financial burden.
In essence, green energy calculations are often cleverly designed, but the reality—until a true technological breakthrough or “singularity” occurs—is that renewable energy remains more expensive. For now, nuclear power stands as the only truly sustainable and “green” energy source.
🚀 We’re Launching a Paid Chat on Our Telegram Channel!
Big news: we’re testing a new paid chat for our Telegram community. No limits, no restrictions — just a simple monthly subscription.
Why paid?
1️⃣ We’re curious: can this experiment actually generate some income?
2️⃣ Experience matters: back when we had a free chat with 3,500+ members, it was chaos. Managing it required multiple admins just to keep things under control.
With a paid model, people tend to be more respectful, more focused, and engage in conversations that truly align with the channel’s content.
This is an experiment, and we’re excited to see how it goes! Join us and be part of something new.
Stay tuned for details on how to join!
Quantum physics is seriously mind-blowing. It explains pretty much everything happening around us. Want to know how atoms work? Why light can be both a wave and a particle at the same time? Or how a cat in a box can somehow be both alive and dead? Yep, that’s all quantum mechanics, no doubt about it.
But here’s the weird part: there’s one thing that totally breaks quantum physics. Gravity. Yep, the same force that keeps us from floating off into space and makes apples fall to the ground. Why? Because gravity is a whole different ballgame—it runs on Einstein’s general theory of relativity. And relativity? It doesn’t play well with quantum rules.
Take black holes, for example. On one hand, quantum mechanics says you can calculate everything in the universe down to the tiniest particle. On the other hand, black holes have something called an “event horizon” — a boundary where everything, even light, gets sucked in and disappears. So here’s the kicker: where does the information about what gets sucked in go? Quantum mechanics insists that information can’t just vanish, while gravity shrugs and says, “Gone. Poof. Deal with it.”
What you end up with is a showdown between two theories that each work flawlessly on their own but refuse to get along together. Scientists have been scratching their heads over this for decades, trying to bridge the gap. Maybe, one day, we’ll have a “theory of everything” that explains both quantum effects and gravity. But for now, we’re stuck with two brilliant, yet totally incompatible rulebooks. Crazy, right?
AI vs. Prompt Engineers: Is the Profession Becoming Obsolete?
Google Cloud has introduced Prompt Writer, a tool that could revolutionize the way prompts are created for generative models. Now, artificial intelligence takes over the job of writing, testing, and optimizing prompts—a role that was previously handled by highly-paid prompt engineers.
Not long ago, being a “prompt engineer” seemed like a promising career path. Crafting precise prompts was a complex and valuable skill. But now, that need might simply disappear. AI can generate task-specific prompts, analyze the outcomes, and refine them until the desired result is achieved—all without human intervention.
This development not only streamlines the use of generative models but also raises a bigger question: is there still a role for humans in this process? AI seems to be closing in on a niche that was once considered exclusive.
So, what’s next for prompt engineers? Will they pivot to new roles or find areas where AI can’t yet replace their expertise? The future of the profession hangs in the balance.
#AI #science #prompt
The top image shows the final results of the recent U.S. presidential election, won by Trump with a score of 312 to 226. Remarkably, no human could predict this outcome—not experts, super-forecasters, exit polls, prediction markets, nor even psychics. But the AI model ChatGPT-4o did, as shown in the bottom image, where it accurately forecasted a 309 to 229 outcome back in September at Wuhan University (yes, once again China and once again Wuhan).
The precision of this prediction is rooted in an extraordinary foundation. Instead of relying on real human opinions, the AI analyzed simulated “social replicas.” Two years ago, a breakthrough technology emerged, enabling the creation of algorithmic replicas of any social group. Astonishingly, these algorithms proved indistinguishable from real people in surveys. This discovery, sitting at the intersection of natural language processing, cognitive science, and sociology, offers enormous potential for social hacking.
In 2023, this technology evolved to create algorithmic replicas of citizens from any nation. While still far from achieving AGI, these systems now simulate the collective unconscious of entire societies. From this, I formulated two key hypotheses:
✔️ A paradigm shift transforming psychohistory into a practical science—one akin to Asimov’s fictional discipline that mathematically examines societal processes to accurately forecast the future.
✔️ A cultural phase shift ushering in a new era: algocognitive culture.
Now, just three months later—at a pace unimaginable before the age of technological singularity—researchers in Wuhan have provided experimental support that these hypotheses are not mere futurist speculation; they may indeed reflect reality.
In other words, it’s likely that our world has already undergone a profound transformation. The roles of humans and algorithms in science, culture, individual lives, and the “algorithmically enriched societies” of today will never be the same. What’s next? Let’s find out!
#AIRevolution #CognitiveScience #FutureSociety
#science
The Surface of Venus!
Venus is enveloped in a dense, impenetrable atmosphere that’s opaque to visible light. To map its surface, we rely on radar imaging (right image), as radio waves can penetrate the thick atmosphere and reflect back to give us a view. On the left, we see images captured by NASA’s Parker Solar Probe using the WISPR instrument during a close flyby of Venus. These images showcase the planet’s night side and were taken in the near-infrared range, allowing us to glimpse features beneath the clouds, revealing hints of the planet’s rugged landscape.
#space #science
📢 Breaking New Ground in Vision Restoration: iPSC-Derived Corneal Transplant Surgery 🌱👁️✨
A pioneering clinical study in Japan has successfully used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to regenerate corneal tissue in patients suffering from limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), a condition causing severe vision impairment. In this groundbreaking study, four patients with LSCD received transplants of iPSC-derived corneal epithelium, leading to promising outcomes like improved visual acuity, reduced corneal opacification, and minimal adverse reactions.
Key Highlights:
1. Patient Outcomes: Over two years, no serious adverse effects, such as immune rejection or tumor formation, were observed. Visual improvements were significant, especially in early-stage patients.
2. Immunological Insights: Surprisingly, iPSC-derived cells showed reduced immune system activation, indicating lower rejection rates even without matching patients’ immune profiles.
3. Future Directions: With success in this initial trial, researchers plan to expand the study to further test efficacy across larger, diverse groups, potentially revolutionizing treatments for LSCD.
Could this technology pave the way for safer, more accessible eye transplants in the future? Only time and further trials will tell, but the outlook is bright for vision restoration!
#StemCellTherapy #VisionRestoration #MedicalInnovation
💡 This underscores the importance of natural resources to the global economy and illustrates how resource distribution impacts the geopolitical influence of nations.
Source: Statista, Elements.visualcapitalist.com
Unusual angle on camera…
Sharks 😀
Sharks have always been a favorite for the thrill factor, but seeing them from unexpected perspectives opens up a whole new appreciation. It’s not every day we get a close-up of these ancient predators from unique angles!
#nature #sharks #fun
Karl Ward showcases his invention — a pedal-powered unicycle. Los Angeles, 1971.
Instead of a traditional wheel, Ward’s creation used artificial legs. The pedals drove a mechanism that propelled the structure forward and helped maintain balance. The concept aimed to allow people to “walk” while seated.
Ward’s invention earned a unique place in the world of alternative transportation. However, due to its lack of speed and challenging operation, it never gained widespread popularity.
#ForgottenInventions #AltTransport #RetroGadgets
LLMs as the Secret Model of the Internet’s Future?
Language models might just hold the key to predicting and shaping the future of the Internet. Enter “virtual intuition”—a groundbreaking approach set to revolutionize how we model and interact with complex, dynamic environments online.
Just months ago, researchers discovered how to teach large language models (LLMs) to pause and “think” before answering questions, significantly improving their reasoning capabilities. But the latest breakthrough goes even further.
Now, LLM-powered AI agents can mentally simulate interactions with websites before taking any real action online. By “imagining” potential outcomes—such as the results of clicking a button, confirming an order, or subscribing to a service—these agents can predict the consequences of their decisions, almost as if they’re glimpsing into the future.
This revolutionary technique, called WEBDREAMER, is built on the validated hypothesis that LLMs can act as a kind of “world model” for navigating complex web environments.
Rather than relying on trial and error, WEBDREAMER uses “virtual intuition” to model optimal actions at every step of a web interaction. Picture an experienced traveler plotting the best route in advance—this is how WEBDREAMER approaches online navigation.
And the results are impressive: in tests across real-world websites, WEBDREAMER significantly outperformed traditional methods.
This isn’t just about better automation. It’s about ushering in a new era of intelligent, strategic web agents.
Key implications include:
• Establishing a foundation for “thinking” web agents capable of deep, strategic interaction.
• Transforming the paradigm of automated web interactions, making them more efficient and predictive.
• Unlocking exciting new research opportunities to optimize LLMs for world modeling in dynamic environments and strategic planning.
The future of AI-driven Internet interactions just got a whole lot smarter.
#LLM #AIagents #WebDreamer
💡 Turning off the lights with the power of thought.
The inventor from the channel Basically Homeless 3D-printed a helmet equipped with electrodes that detect brainwave activity.
The light switch was programmed to activate if alpha waves in the brain remain elevated for 9 seconds.
😁 Laziness truly drives progress!
Happy Mathematics Day to everyone involved!
May your gradient always point towards the global minimum, singularities vanish under the power of regularizations, and all your models converge faster than you can say “gradient descent.” 🤓
#math #science
A Glimpse of Extreme Weather in Siberia: How Life Looks Today in Tiksi, Russia.
For those who think their local weather is harsh, here’s what residents in Tiksi, a remote settlement on the shore of a Siberian bay, are facing today.
• Wind gusts: Reaching an incredible 38 m/s, according to regional meteorological data.
• Temperature: A chilling -20°C.
• Impact on daily life: Schools and kindergartens are closed, and local authorities have excused women not involved in critical industries from going to work.
This snapshot reminds us of the resilience required to live in one of the coldest and harshest regions on Earth.
Implants Made from Blood Rapidly Heal Broken Bones
Scientists have unveiled a groundbreaking technology for creating implants that can be 3D-printed using a patient’s own biomaterial. These implants are introduced directly into the damaged area, kickstarting the regeneration process. Early results show that this innovative approach outperforms commercially available bone substitutes, accelerating healing to be twice as fast as the natural process.
Learn more about this cutting-edge development: Read the article
AI-Powered Headphones Create a “Sound Bubble” Around Users
Researchers from the University of Washington have unveiled innovative AI-enabled headphones that filter ambient noise, creating a “sound bubble” to shield users from unwanted sounds. The device employs six microphones and a neural network to amplify nearby sounds while suppressing distant ones within a range of up to 2 meters. This technology allows users to focus on conversations even in noisy environments, such as restaurants or parties. The team is now working on integrating this breakthrough into smaller devices, including hearing aids.
#science #tech
⚡️The First Immortal Fly is Here!
Yep, you heard that right. Scientists have fully digitized the brain of a fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster).
Quick recap:
Once upon a time, people dreamed of digitizing Lenin’s brain, but it was too complex (just like a mouse brain with its 70 million neurons). So they started small: a roundworm (Caenorhabditis elegans) with just 302 neurons. And now, they’ve mapped the fly’s brain: 139.5k neurons and 54.5M synapses.
The project began in 2016, took 33 person-years of work, and was made possible by cutting-edge tech and an international team of researchers.
What’s cool about the fly’s brain?
• Specialized neurons for forward movement, backward movement, and stopping — each with its own circuits.
• Half the brain is dedicated to processing visual information.
• It’s basically a real-time operating system with complex internal networks.
Now, the brain of this first immortal fly is available for download (just 14 GB!) and ready to run. Welcome to the future!
Check out the data here: codex.flywire.ai
Elon Musk: Rockets to Replace Airplanes?
Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX, envisions a future where airplanes are replaced by spacecraft. Imagine traveling from New York to Shanghai in just 40 minutes, London to New York in 29 minutes, or New York to Sydney in 49 minutes.
This bold concept relies on the Starship rocket, capable of reaching speeds of 27,000 km/h. If realized, it could revolutionize long-distance travel, making the world more connected than ever before.
What do you think: Is this the future of transportation or just science fiction?
@science
An extraordinary “drawing” has appeared on the Martian surface: a smile formed by a ring of salt deposits and two impact craters. However, don’t expect to snap this cosmic grin with your phone while flying over Mars!
Salt deposits like these are visible only in the infrared spectrum, and this image was captured using the TGO (Trace Gas Orbiter) spacecraft’s infrared camera. It’s a reminder of the fascinating and unexpected beauty hidden in the details of the Red Planet.
#mars #science
In a groundbreaking study, scientists have engineered mice with an enlarged cerebral cortex, resulting in more active and sociable behavior compared to typical rodents. By introducing Yamanaka factors early in development, these mice experienced brain growth with a greater number of neurons and glial cells. Remarkably, the same treatment suppressed degeneration in adult mice models of Alzheimer’s disease, likely by boosting cell proliferation. Read more here.
Such cell technologies may soon enable us to manipulate organ size or cellular composition—transforming one cell type into another. Recently, human blood cells were reprogrammed into corneal cells to restore vision in people with poor eyesight, applied in a thin layer over the eye (source). Other researchers are converting cancer cells into immune cells within tumors, effectively “dissolving” the tumor from the inside (source). In another bold experiment, mature cells were reverted to embryonic states, hinting at the potential for limb regeneration akin to that seen in axolotls (source).
While these are still early experiments, they’re growing rapidly in number and in significance. The potential of managing cell fate in vivo could revolutionize medicine, enabling us to heal, replace, rejuvenate, or even redesign tissues, organs, and organisms. The impact of this technology could be profound.
A fresh perspective sees the cell not as a simple ‘chemical factory’ but as a programmable agent, capable of assuming a vast array of identities. A new study even suggests that memory and learning aren’t exclusive to neurons; other cells exhibit a form of “cognition,” distributing a sort of agency across tissues (source).
Finally, a thought-provoking Cell review suggests that brain organoids might soon enable the human brain’s development to take on previously unknown pathways:
“Pushing evolution further may reveal new mechanisms, even leading to engineered cell types capable of tasks beyond the current abilities of the human brain.” (source).
#BiotechRevolution #CellEngineering #FutureOfScience
The eyes of the deep-sea telescope fish, which lives in perpetual darkness, are uniquely adapted to see both visible light and infrared radiation. Even more remarkable, each eye can rotate independently, allowing the fish to look in two different directions at the same time. This dual capability is essential for survival in the pitch-black depths, helping the fish detect subtle changes in its environment and spot both prey and potential threats.
Fascinating, isn’t it?
Man appears to be the missing link between anthropoid apes and human beings.
NASA’s spacecraft has sent back the clearest images of Jupiter yet!
The Juno spacecraft recently completed its 66th flyby of Jupiter and its moons, capturing breathtaking images with the JunoCam, a camera with a two-megapixel resolution. These images reveal jellyfish-like, colorful spots across Jupiter’s surface. Juno even got closer to Amalthea, Jupiter’s fifth-largest moon.
Launched in 2011, Juno reached Jupiter’s orbit five years later and began transmitting images of the largest planet in our Solar System and its moons. Juno’s mission is set to conclude on September 15, 2025, when Jupiter’s gravity will ultimately pull the spacecraft in, causing it to burn up in the gas giant’s atmosphere, according to NASA.
#Science #SpaceExploration #JunoMission
Skipping breakfast can be DANGEROUS for your health—it increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Studies show that people who skip their morning meal tend to overeat at night to make up for missed calories and essential nutrients during the day.
If you often find yourself indulging in late-night snacks, doctors recommend sticking to a three-meal-a-day routine.
Don’t skip breakfast!
#Science #HealthTips #HealthyEating
Australian mathematicians have debunked the theorem suggesting that if a monkey were given infinite time with a typewriter, it would eventually produce all of Shakespeare’s works.
Scientists calculated that even if all 200,000 chimpanzees on Earth were made immortal and typed continuously, they still wouldn’t complete Shakespeare’s works before the end of the universe. They based their calculations on the prediction that our universe will cease to exist in a googol years (a number with 100 zeros) according to the heat death theory. Moreover, they didn’t take into account how these typing monkeys would survive the Sun’s eventual engulfment of Earth, expected to happen in a few billion years.
The mathematicians noted that a single chimpanzee would only have a 5% chance of typing the word “banana” in its lifetime. And the probability of a monkey producing a coherent sentence like “I am a chimpanzee, therefore I exist” is one in 10 million billion billion. Shakespeare’s complete works, in comparison, contain 884,647 words.
So, while the theorem holds true in abstract mathematics, it is misleading, as it’s practically unachievable due to the constraints of our actual universe.
#Mathematics #science #MonkeyTheorem