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General availability of USM on linux systems, and distribution of OpenMP software
Hi all, I understand this question is a bit on the edge of what is allowed on this reddit.
Still, I really hope getting good answers here can be beneficial for this community as a whole and improve the future availability and distribution of software based on OpenMP for linux.
# The short version
Basically, I am asking for few seconds of your time to share the output of these commands:
grep HMMMIRROR /boot/config-$(uname -r)
grep DEVICEPRIVATE /boot/config-$(uname -r)
uname -a
cat /etc/-release
They will provide information about two kernel flags, its version and the distribution being used.
Please, make sure to remove any uniquely identifiable element from the output before sharing.
If you don't understand those commands DON'T run them and don't trust random people on reddit :).
# The longer explanation
Why? These flags are what is needed to enable a feature called "Unified Shared Memory".
It is used by modern graphic cards and CPUs to share the same address space and to automatically sync data in between.
This feature is used by language extensions like OpenMP to write scalable and offloadable applications in a simplified style.
However, I discovered today that some distributions don't have it enabled by default in the kernel images they distribute:
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/136491
[https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/127334#issuecomment-2817171884](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/127334#issuecomment-2817171884)
There is not much software out there leveraging OpenMP for offloading. Which is strange as it promises (and delivers on) to write code once in a single language, without having to deal with domain specific ones for shaders or vendor-specific technologies like CUDA.
I recently have been working on a [demo project](https://github.com/KaruroChori/enance-amamento) to validate the idea and to understand why OpenMP is not more common beyond the realm of high performance computing; now I sort of get the picture:
Toolchains available on many distributions are not coming with full OpenMP support out of the box: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/136245
Dependencies from very narrowly versioned shared libraries which are not distributed on their own [https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/136255](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/136255)
And now the fact that many kernel images around might not support USM which I much more complex to address compared to the other two points.
I think it is mostly a egg/chicken problem to be honest.
This can be easily improved on the distribution side, it is just a matter of awareness.
So, aside from collecting data to understand how to fix this issue, I hope this post can spark some useful conversations to improve the current situation :).
Thanks for your time!
https://redd.it/1k438z6
@r_linux
Comando ls (list)
https://redd.it/1k43z97
@r_linux
Dock.
The ugly
- remaining with the lack of GUI settings that are expected by default I could never find out how to make opened apps to 1 Highlight which one was in focus from the dock icons and 2. How to show preview of the multiple windows or instances of a specific opened app icon in the Dock by hovering or clicking on the icon, the closest I found was to right click on it and left click on the top most option to show opened windows, a subpar and unacceptable compromise, for me at least. The lack of a show desktop icon also took me through a multiple hours wasted saga to make a bash script I never figured out how to do using the terminal and nano commands and eventually gave up and accepted to have to use Superkey+D to toggle between minimize all opened apps and windows and restore them.
- while I lauded and praised the Settings window that brings everything into a single place, it still feels like some things are disjointed and not properly thought out. Like I mentioned Gnome Tweaks and Extensions options should have been integrated into the Settings app or window under Appearance or Display. Lokewise the Update apps of which there are 2 plus the additional driver which is part of one of those and having a separate icon feels disjointed and not well implemented into tge Settings where it should be placed under a single separate categry or maybe two, one with graphics driver selection and anothef with Updates. Additionally the "About" information regarding the hardware and software should be a dedicated category placed either first of last in the list on the left. Also still can t get over the fact that nobody cared enough to make a show desktop button icon for the Dock or show preview of opened apps when hovering the cursot on opened apps in the Dock or have a special obvious highlight of the app in focus.
Overall I still think it is a huge improvement over the past and I more than likely will stay with Linux from now on. The GUI is much improved, responsiveness is amazing, gaming support even if it requires a bit of tinkering with Proton on Steam and there are a few bugs here and therd is good enough if it means no longer needing Windows 10 or 11 and while some GUI things still are missing some obvious polish and logical thinking, it is almost there to convince casual desktop PC users to say goodbye to Microsoft, for good this time.
PS still obssesed with how my theme is set up. If you guys wanna see, please give some instructions on how to share screenshots, I am not familiar how they are shared on reddit.
https://redd.it/1k3yytb
@r_linux
Green as a pool table but renting a VPS?
I'm learning Linux through pwn.college and found a VPS for under $12/yr.
Specs:
1 vCPU Core
1 GB RAM
17 GB SSD (RAID-10)
KVM Virtualization
Installing Ubuntu 20.04.
Is this recommend to get my hands dirty?
Learning how to secure the server, using Fire tablet to access remotely, etc.
$1 a month to have real world experience I feel is worth the meager expense.
Need to know if I'm biting off more than I can chew, what I need to look out for, what's needed for a complete newbie to begin this journey.
Any and all tips are appreciated 👍
Thanks
https://redd.it/1k3wl4l
@r_linux
No Arch hasnt gotten that much better, its Ubuntu that has gotten progressively worse.
See snap breaking server functionality, desktop functionality and more, I stopped using Ubuntu in a server capacity when snaps started breaking packages and was the preffered or default way of installing key packages that I need on my servers. Whereas in Arch things are working pretty damn well, that I am using it in a server capacity and it hasnt dissapointed me yet, it has dissapointed me in late 2010s when I was using custom AURs or patches to support some things, but it feels like Arch has come very very far nowadays whereas Ubuntu seems to have gotten worse slowly.
https://redd.it/1k3sh49
@r_linux
Linux battery life on laptops
I'm thinking about switching to Mint on my laptop, but found out in most cases the battery life was worse on Linux than on Windows, though the posts I tound were from 2-3 years ago.
Has battery life on Linux improved?
https://redd.it/1k3kncj
@r_linux
No matter which Distros I install, always Black screen in boot
I am tired and exhausted, I moved from Windows to Linux but I feel thug here. No matter what Linux version I install like Mint, Zorin, Ubuntu, end up with Black screen during boot. :(
If there is a good luck, then it get boot up successfully, but most of the times it end up with black screen for infinite time.
Processor - FX 6300 AMD
Mobo - Gigabyte 78LMT USB3 v4
Ram - 16GB
Please help me to fix. I Installed this in fresh SSD drive, there in partition, everything is new.
https://redd.it/1k3h23q
@r_linux
/lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/` .
* Notice the file you see resembling `firmware-N.whatever.extensions` . Copy it to the parent directory. In simpler terms: `sudo cp -v firmware-N.whatever.extensions ..`
* Restart your computer.
Even this one didn't quite work. At first, it could resolve the network interface disappearance issue for some time. I even attended a class through Google Meet. But just after classes ended, I used Suspend/S3 Sleep. After waking, the Wi-Fi wasn't working at all, just like the previous solutions. On a different note, you guys can try this out if you can make a startup script with root access (but this might be tedious): [https://github.com/pop-os/pop/issues/1470#issuecomment-2029119116](https://github.com/pop-os/pop/issues/1470#issuecomment-2029119116)
***4) ath10k-custom.conf (hyphen) and ath10k\_core.conf (underscore) (Read it carefully, skip\_otp is an important aspect after all)***
At first, I tried to create ath10k-custom.conf. That's what helped someone in the previous post. However, my problems were resolved ONLY after wrting ath10k\_core.conf.
Just execute these commands ONCE and you'll be fine. *Note that the following commands are case-sensitive.*
* For ath10k-custom.conf: `echo -e "options ath10k_core skip_otp=y\noptions ath10k_core rawmode=0" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/ath10k-custom.conf`
* For ath10k\_core.conf: `echo "options ath10k_core skip_otp=y" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/ath10k_core.conf`
Restart your PC after executing the first command, and after executing the second command (basically twice).
# Conclusion
I have tried my best to propose all the solutions to this problem I could find, and now I'm tired. It's already 3:58 AM. To the firmware/NetworkManager experts, it'd be a pleasure for me to know how can roaming aggressiveness be increased. To the normal users, in case you find anything problematic, you can ask me in the comments.
That's it. Thanks a lot.
https://redd.it/1k387ef
@r_linux
After reading the umpteenth post about cli operation on files went wrong: why Linux user are so scared of file manager?
Really, the first thing I do is to install midnight commander if I can't have a gui because I'm paranoid about any small typo destroying all my data .
I would never write rm in the cli, not even on someone else server!
https://redd.it/1k3a8pz
@r_linux
Anbernic, manufacturer of popular portable linux emulator gaming consoles will no longer be shipping to US from China.
https://redd.it/1k375et
@r_linux
Even after using Linux for a decade I made this blunder. Here's how you can avoid it.
In my home directory I had a bunch of zip files I needed to delete, so of course I did this:
rm .zip
Or so I thought. In reality I typed
rm .zip
Notice the difference? A single space. So all my files except those in folders, or hidden files, were deleted. Lesson learned. Here's my advice, add this to your .bashrc:
alias rm='rm -i'
And back up your files on the cloud! I'm sure glad I did.
https://redd.it/1k316jr
@r_linux
Grammar Checking for email
https://lukaswerner.com/post/2024-10-22@harper_plus_aerc
https://redd.it/1k2ycpm
@r_linux
Are there any linux handheld devices that i can use for just reading books and listening to music?
I want to have a seperate device from my phone that (preferably) has a physical keyboard and i just want to use it for books, music and notes.
I saw Mecha Comet which looks pretty cool but is probably going to be an overkill for what i want. I just want a device i can use when i don't want to get distracted on commute.
https://redd.it/1k2tjh8
@r_linux
Tired of Snap? Here’s a simple script to install Thunderbird & Chromium as real .deb packages
https://github.com/munawarcmd/Linux-Mint-Deb-Package-On-Kubuntu
https://redd.it/1k2s6kw
@r_linux
Dual-Booting Fedora and Windows 11 (with TPM, SecureBoot and BitLocker) was surprisingly easy
I just installed Fedora on my newer thinkpad. Because it is a work laptop, I did not want to disable disk encryption and secure boot. When googling this, it seemed like there would be some difficulties with this, as all the articles are older and assume some hoops to jump through. The only things I had to do where:
1. Shrink the main Windows partition (worked without issues in windows' partition manager, completely without decrypting the drive)
2. Enable third-party CA for secure-boot in the UEFI (TPM is still on!)
3. Install fedora from a live-usb on the freed space
4. When booting into windows again, put in the BitLocker key once
Now both OSs work, seemingly without issues. Even the fingerprint works on Fedora
https://redd.it/1k2d90z
@r_linux
Distro recommendation
Hello everyone, how are you doing?
I'm looking for some guidance to see if what I have in mind is feasible. My main idea is to build two computers.
The first one is to repurpose an old computer with 2 or 4 GB of RAM and a 1TB HDD. I plan to install Debian Stable on it and initial use is as a NAS to store my family's files, photos, and videos, moving away from cloud storage limits. Later, I want to turn it into a Home Center to manage cameras, lights, and other home automations in my apartment – essentially a Home Assistant setup.
The second PC would be my main machine, something suitable for a Battlestation. It's a PC that I'll be upgrading hardware on gradually. I'd primarily use it for gaming, but also for developing my Second Brain, coding, and doing some Home Lab with virtual machines. Additionally, I'll use this PC to control my Home Server.
For this machine, I admit I'm unsure about the distro. This ideal choice would be permanent. I need one that's stable for gaming and private. I'm looking to move away from Ubuntu, perhaps towards Mint Cinnamon, Arch if I could have the time to focus on the distro, Garuda but I've read that is not very stable.
Can I have a recommendation for this second PC?
https://redd.it/1k43ija
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Has anybody ever heard of this games console from around 2008?
The console was called the OpenPandora Pandora handheld console or something like that, I'm not sure that's what I could find
It was a Linux based gaming console released around 2008 by a small group of developers and a couple people reviewed it and around 2012, I can't seem to find anywhere to buy one they seem to be very rare and sought after if anyone has one and is willing to sell it to me or it can help me find one, that would be greatly appreciated.
https://redd.it/1k41b80
@r_linux
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSMy experience so far (the good, bad and the ugly) after switching from Windows a second time, likely for good now...for real.
Hello,
Long time Windows user here and casual desktop PC user in general for, ugh, two decades now. Started using a PC with Windows XP in the 2000s and stuck with it up until 7 then stuck with that till 10 and now moving to Linux, specificslly Ubuntu LTS. I have changed 3 computers in the process, first was pre built, second entirely custom built by myself, the latest (not the greatest) half prebuilt and half added parts by me.
My first experience with Linux was Ubuntu and Mint about a decade ago but I could not use either long term due to lack of support for games. Recently with all the troubles brewing with Windows 10 and the controversies related to the OS becoming more and more like legalized spyware and combined with the fact I no longer prioritize gaming as much I decided to try Linux once more and was pleasantly surprised.
The good parts:
- GUI responsiveness has never felt better, with Ubuntu 24.04 LTS not only is it up to Windows level but sometimes it feels faster to use the GUI;
- gaming support for the few legacy games that I still play is good enough and I cannot stress enough how big of a change that is when in the past I could not run those programs at all;
- driver support, using an nvidia GPU is much better on Ubuntu compared to other distros given it offers a simple GUI option to switch to the latest driver tested and supported, with other distros it still takes too much work to figure out how to install proprietary drivers;
- the design of the GUI after going through the settings is absolutely amazing, I like so much the way I made it look I doubt myself why I feel this way since I never really cared much about the GUI as long as it was minimal and easy to use. Frankly I feel like I m being medicated with happy pills, can t get over how nice it is;
- this might be more of a gnome thing than Ubuntu but I absolutely support the design decisions to have a Settings App where all/most settings are concentrated, copying in a good way how Settings is arranged on mobile devices like smartphones. The same for how apps and utilities are displayed when pressing the Super key (Windows key) or the Ubuntu button on the dash.
- Steam worked the best out of the distros I tried like Mint Cinamon, Mate, openSuse Leap nad MicroOS and Fedora Silverblue. Out of all of those the combination of RAM usage, GUI responsiveness, ease of use especially with installing video card driver and overall design of the GUI was best on Ubuntu. For me Cinamon and KDE runs much slower that gnome 46.
The bad
- the thing that gave me the most satisfaction was once again the way I could set up the desktop environment theme from the available settings without needing to use the terminal once. I cannot stress enough how the insistance of Linux old timers to depend on the terminal instead of the GUI is off putting for casual users such as myself. It is not about not wanting to ever use it to fox some esotheric trouble now and then but it should never be required for general things that are expected to be done through the GUI. For example there was no option in the settings to hide the top gnome panel. I had to install both gnome Tweaks and Extensions from the App Center which in itself was a hassle because neither of these 2 appeared when I searched, instead could be, found out later, selected from the suggestion of the search bar of the App Center and only after installing them did they appear as a result when searching for them. Additionally I still needed to add the Just Perfection extension all so I could untick one single box to hide the gnome top bar, panel whatever it is called in the desktop. From online searches this used to be an option for Gnome Tweaks but was later removed for whatever consideration but regardless it should have been an option in the default Settings. Same with adjusting font size and type and what I am still missing a Show Desktop button or incon for the
tiling window manager for the masses!
https://redd.it/1k3vegn
@r_linux
Ubuntu 6.06 (2006)
https://redd.it/1k3rsih
@r_linux
building a single pc home
Hi, so I want to building a pc for a home server (?) or NAS. I dont really know whats the most appropriate term but what I intend to build is a one pc for my household. currently my requirement is one work 'pc' capable of heavy 3d modeling one light work pc. two 4k gaming tvs. (they most likely wont be used at the same time)
my knowledge of technical stuff is bretty basic so please be patient with me.
before, i used my steam deck to stream my work pc using parsec but i thought i just want to jump all in on linux and using vm to use more niche 3d softwares.
my budget is flexible as long as i dont need to use enterprise hardware. also i heard nvidia is not good for linux so i'd like to confirm if that is still the case as im thinking of using 5090 if not, i hope amd releases an equivalent capable card or if any according my quick research suggest.
as for linux, the only distro (?) i ever used is the steam deck one and i love it. im not a programmer or even remotely capable one so i'd like to avoid anything that has to be manually typing commands at terminal but im open to surface level tinkering.
thank you for your time
https://redd.it/1k3hxux
@r_linux
How the init process works in Linux
I am not sure if this is considered spamming self promotion or not, but I made a video about an aspect about the Linux boot up process I think is cool. Let me know if I get something wrong in it too
https://youtube.com/shorts/XkgoCTuSXTw?si=M-nUV574vn7zcprE
https://redd.it/1k3a0k2
@r_linux
[UPDATE] Successfully fixed the problems of QCA9377 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter!
This is a guide. If you have a Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter and you're facing issues in Linux, this is for you only.
This is based on the previous post regarding Qualcomm (written by me): [https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/1jzcx7d/update\_qualcomm\_fsck\_you/](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/1jzcx7d/update_qualcomm_fsck_you/)
I have switched from KDE Neon to Fedora Workstation, and honestly, it works mostly fine (except the Night Light). However, I faced the same Wi-Fi problem initially. As I was trying out everything, I noted down the quirks of all the techniques out there on the Internet.
The issue here is that there are two kinds of problems with this particular WLAN adapter: the disconnection problem and the network speed problem. In my case, I'll be mainly dealing with the disconnection problem, but in case anyone knows about the network problem (especially how to implement Roaming Aggressiveness in Linux), then I'll cover it in a separate post. Experts are encouraged to chime in :)
# Methods:
A simple note that some of these methods might work in one distro, but not for the other ones. However, I'll only be stating the ones which worked for me in Fedora 41 & 42.
# 1) Disabling Power Management of your Wi-Fi device (Didn't work)
* In your terminal, open this file`/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/wifi-powersave.conf` using whatever editor you prefer. (Neovim or Nano or Emacs or whatever)
Write this down or change it appropriately:
[connection]
wifi.powersave=2
Restart your computer after that.
For me, it absolutely didn't work. **The wlp1s0 network interface was disappearing as a whole.**
# 2) Copying the firmware code from CodeLinaro (didn't work and not much recommended)
This one might not actually work because linux-firmware has already merged the last commit, so this might not be the fix.
At first, check if this is the file tree:
/lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377
├── firmware-6.bin.xz
└── hw1.0
├── board-2.bin
├── board-2.bin.xz
├── board.bin
├── board.bin.xz
├── CNSS.TF.1.0
├── firmware-5.bin.xz
├── firmware-6.bin.xz
├── firmware-sdio-5.bin.xz
├── notice_ath10k_firmware-5.txt.xz
├── notice_ath10k_firmware-6.txt.xz -> ../../QCA6174/hw3.0/notice_ath10k_firmware-6.txt.xz
├── notice_ath10k_firmware-sdio-5.txt.xz -> notice_ath10k_firmware-5.txt.xz
├── untested
├── WLAN.TF.1.0
└── WLAN.TF.2.1
You just need to ensure that there is content within this `hw1.0` directory; it's optional for the files to match.
* Go to this website: [https://git.codelinaro.org/clo/ath-firmware/ath10k-firmware/-/tree/main/QCA9377](https://git.codelinaro.org/clo/ath-firmware/ath10k-firmware/-/tree/main/QCA9377)
* Click on the Code icon in blue, then scroll down to "Download this directory". Under that section, you can download in any format.
* Download that archive, then extract it.
* Through your terminal, use `cd` to go to the folder where you have extracted it all.
* Go to the directory/folder named `QCA9377`. Under that directory, there will only be one item called `hw1.0`.
* While being under this `QCA9377` directory in the terminal, as a protective measure, write `ls /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/`. Check if there's only `hw1.0` or not.
* Press the up arrow, then replace that`ls`with `sudo cp -rv *` . Then it becomes`sudo cp -rv * /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/`.
* Press Enter. Wait for the files to go.
* Restart your computer.
Just so you know, it didn't work in this case.
***3) Copying firmware files (didn't work but this can fix your issue)***
* As usual, check what `ls /lib/firmware/ath10k/QCA9377/hw1.0/` leads to. What are the names of the firmware files?
* I think you guys have seen it... the names are like firmware-6, firmware-5. Basically, the one with the highest number is the one being run.
* Suppose N is the highest number. Then, you will use `cd
Shout out to nautilus-scripts (which, despite the name, work in Caja, Dolphin, Nemo, PCManFM-Q, and Thunar, too)
https://github.com/cfgnunes/nautilus-scripts
This project is probably my single most used tool outside of the core OS software, and after it saved me a bunch of time yet again, I figured I'd rave about it a bit, if you'll indulge me.
I'm not much of a customisation devotee. I rawdog basically vanilla Gnome with only a few strategic extensions, and that's the way I like it.
But the one place where this radical turn towards simplicity has presented challenges are file managers.
Back years ago in my Windows days, I used to us Directory Opus and loved it, but none of the third party file managers really stuck with me on Linux. But I still missed some of the cool features. Well, this project fills the gap.
It is a set of scripts that you can invoke from context click to execute all kinds of useful actions. The selection is extensive, and I use the following the most:
- copy filepath to clipboard (the path box doesn't contain name of the specific file, this lets me yoink the path and the file name in one go)
- paste from clipboard as a file (paste text directly into a file, without needing to create the file first)
- list the largest files/directories
- combine multiple PDFs into one (great for merging multiple PDFs into one before feeding it to my document storage solution)
- optimise PDFs/images for web
- strip exif data via ExifTool
- verify checksum files (to verify my linux .isos, naturally)
- convert webps to pngs/jpgs
- paste as hard links (recursively paste whole folder as hard links, equivalent of cp -al, my MVP)
- permanently delete via shred
- git operations, especially pull
There are a bunch more too. If you find the sheer number overwhelming, you don't have to use them all, the install script lets you pick what you want.
If you ever felt your file manager needed a bit more oomph, give it a look.
https://redd.it/1k37s2f
@r_linux
Easter Adventure by grinseengel
https://gamedevcafe.de/filebase/index.php?download/118/
https://redd.it/1k32lom
@r_linux
Linux on LG G7 ThinQ
I'm pretty new to all this Linux stuff and I was wondering if I could get Graphene OS or Ubuntu Touch on my LG G7 ThinQ (2017 I believe) just to test it out in case I want it on my newer phone. I'm guessing its not compatible but lemme know if it is or if you recommend any other operating systems that are similar to those and are Linux based that may be compatible.
https://redd.it/1k2z7ec
@r_linux
Retro-looking DEs ?
I'm very fond of older user interfaces in general, because they're very simple and there's a charm that only they have. How would I go about finding other DEs that could achieve such goals ? Currently I have Trinity on Fedora, but UIs like HaikuOS or other retro systems are very welcome as well.
https://redd.it/1k2vx9i
@r_linux
How to avoid AI
In the past few months I've been more and more annoyed about 'AI'. I don't want to use it, and i don't want companies using it on my personal data to maximise their profits.
The problem is, it's in everything now, and most of it is proprietary and it is not clear what it does with your data past the point of 'we're training it on your data'. M$/Google/Facebook etc... all shove this crap down their users throat, it's even getting packaged into text editors now.
Has anybody found a managable yet effective way to exist on the internet and avoid 'AI'?
https://redd.it/1k2u27a
@r_linux
Where is Linux at with post-quantum encryption?
The new NIST encryption protocols haven't had a ton of time to be integrated, but some applications have added CRYSTALS-Kyber. For example, Signal added it as a second layer of encryption.
So does anyone have news about where Linux is at with post-quantum full-disk encryption?
https://redd.it/1k2ok2m
@r_linux
Love how beautiful the activity monitor is
https://redd.it/1k2i3wc
@r_linux