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Daily current affairs , Gk in Gujarati, Gpsc current affairs
💁♂The Hindu Editorial VOCAB: 10th August 2023
1.Levitation (noun)
Meaning: a raising or a state of being raised to a higher rank or position (उत्थान)
Synonyms: elevation, ascension, uplifting
Antonyms: drop, descent, dip
Sentence: After 10 years at the company, he was rewarded with a levitation to vice president.
2.Scurry (verb)
Meaning: (of a person or small animal) move hurriedly with short quick steps. (भागना)
Synonyms: scamper, scuttle, bustle
Antonyms: crawl, creep
Sentence: Everyone scurried back to work as soon as they had finished their lunch in the cafeteria.
3.Oversight (noun)
Meaning: an unintentional failure to notice or do something. (चूक)
Synonyms: mistake, error, blunder
Antonyms: accuracy, precision
Sentence: Claiming “three billion” instead of “three million” was just an oversight.
4.Cull (noun)
Meaning: something separated from a group or lot for not being as good as the others (अस्वीकार)
Synonyms: discard, reject, throwaway
Antonyms: accepted, validation
Sentence: The unbruised apples will be packed in bags, and the culls will be used for cider.
5.Boorish (adj.)
Meaning: rough and bad-mannered; coarse. (अशिष्ट)
Synonyms: loutish, uncouth, rude
Antonyms: genteel, polite, civil
Sentence: I found him rather boorish and aggressive.
6.Duress (noun)
Meaning: threats, violence, constraints, or other action brought to bear on someone to do something against their will or better judgment. (दबाव)
Synonyms: coercion, compulsion, enforcement
Antonyms: agreement, consent, approval
Sentence: He signed the confession under duress.
7.Renascence (noun)
Meaning: the revival of something that has been dormant. (नवयुग)
Synonyms: revival, rebirth, resurgence
Antonyms: death, extinction, expiration
Sentence: While both revival and renascence are based on the new choice made by ourselves.
8.Appanage (noun)
Meaning: something granted as a special favor (विशेषण)
Synonyms: privilege, boon, entitlement
Sentence: Use of the grounds was just one appanage he bestowed upon the caretakers of his estate.
9.Nosedive (noun)
Meaning: the act or process of going to a lower level or altitude (पतन)
Synonyms: drop, dip, decline
Antonyms: rise, climb, ascent
Sentence: Oil prices took a nosedive in the crisis.
10.Regale (verb)
Meaning: entertain or amuse (someone) with talk. (मनोरंजन करना)
Synonyms: entertain, amuse, delighted
Antonyms: bored, tired
Sentence: She regaled the guests with the best dishes she could offer.
#vocab
🔰Vocabulary🔰
1. Striving (verb) : (Make great efforts to achieve or obtain something.) (यास करना, संघर्य करना)
Synonyms: Effort, Exertion, Endeavor, Drudge, Labor, Moil,
Antonyms: Dillydally, Repose, Indolent, Lethargic, Sluggish
Example: The overweight woman was striving so hard to lose weight that she overexerted herself and ended up in the hospital.
Verb forms: Strive, Strived, Strived
Related words: Striver (noun) Strivingly, (adverb)
2. Topple (verb) : (To fall or cause to fall from an upright position.) (नीचे गिर पड़ना)
Synonyms: Fall, Tumble, Overturn, Overbalance, Stumble, Fall Down
Antonyms: Uprise, Ascend, Upsurge, Levitation, Spurt
Example: The phone company has toppled its local competition.
Verb forms: Topple, Toppled, Toppled
Related words: Untoppled, (adjective)
3. Vandalism (noun) : (Willful or malicious destruction or defacement of public or private property) (जानबूझकर या दुर्भावनापूर्ण विनाश करना या सार्वजनिक या निजी संपत्ति को नुकसान पहुंचना)
Synonyms: Destruction, Hooliganism, Devastation, Barbarism, Sabotage, Atrocity
Antonyms: Erection, Fabrication, Preservation, Protection, Salvage
Example: A group of teens broke into the public library and tore the pages from hundreds of books in a terrible act of vandalism.
Verb forms: Vandalise, Vandalised, Vandalised
Related words: Vandalistic, Vandalish, (adjective)
4. Despondent (adjective) : (Feeling or showing extreme discouragement, dejection, or depression) (हताश, निराश, हतोत्साह)
Synonyms: Discouraged, Dispirited, Dejected, Depressed, Disconsolate, Doleful, Downcast
Antonyms: Hopeful, Cheerful, Blissful, Buoyant, Jubilant, Gladsome
Example: Whenever I feel despondent, I call my friends to make me smile.
Verb forms: Despond, Desponded, Desponded
Related words: Despond (verb) (become dejected and lose confidence),
Despondently (adverb) Despondency (noun)
5. Chastise (verb) : (To criticize someone harshly for doing something wrong.) (फटकार, निन्दा करना)
Synonyms: Castigate, Reprimand, Scold, Objurgate, Chide, Rebuke
Antonyms: Praise, Compliment, Glorify, Extol, Acclaim
Example: Because my doctor is a kind man, he tries not to chastise me too harshly about my unhealthy habits.
Verb forms: Chastise, Chastised, Chastised
Related words: Chastisement Chastiser (noun)
6. Salutary (adjective) : (Producing a beneficial effect) (लाभदायक, हितकर)
Synonyms: Salubrious, Beneficial, Restorative, Effective, Propitious
Antonyms: Detrimental, Baneful, Noxious, Maleficent, Cankerous
Example: The board hopes the merger of the two companies will have salutary effects that will leave all the shareholders happy.
Related words: Salutarily (adverb) Salutariness (noun)
7. Belligerence (noun) : (An aggressive or truculent attitude, atmosphere, or disposition (आक्रामक या युद्धरत व्यवहार)
Synonyms: Aggressiveness, Assaultiveness, Defiance, Pugnacity, Truculence
Antonyms: Nonaggression, Pacifism, Amenity, Clemency, Continence, Placability
Example: Kim Jong Un’s belligerence has led to a war of words between his regime and U.S. President Donald Trump.
Related words: Belligerent (adjective) Belligerent, Belligerency (noun)
8. Enfranchise (verb) : (To set free; liberate,) (मुक्त करना, स्वतंत्र करना)
Synonyms: Emancipate, Liberate, Set Free, Release, Affranchise, Disenthrall
Antonyms: Enslave, Subjugate, Thrall, Restrain, Trammel
Example: With just a few more signatures, the corporate office will enfranchise the operational rights of one of its entities to your partnership.
Verb forms: Enfranchise, Enfranchised, Enfranchised
Related words: Enfranchisement Enfranchiser (noun)
9. Disentitle (verb) : (To deprive of title, claim, or right) (हक से वंचित करना)
Synonyms: Disqualify, Bereave, Deprive, Incapacitate, Disenable
Antonyms: Bestow, Empower, Grant, Confer, Furnish, Endue
Example: Any default in payment of the arrears in accordance with the scheme shall disentitle the consumer from the benefits of the scheme.
Verb forms: Disentitle, Disentitled, Disentitled
Related words: Disentitlement, (noun)
#vocab
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બ્રિટિશો ની ત્રણ મહેસુલી પદ્ધતિ હતી.
☢1.કાયમી જમાબંધી☢
(સ્થાયી બંદોબસ્ત)જમીનદારી
દાખલ કરનાર- કોર્નવોલીસ 1793 માં
વિસ્તાર-અંગ્રેજ શાસિત વિસ્તાર ના 19% ભાગમાં(ભારતનો પૂર્વ ભાગ-બંગાળ,બિહાર,ઓરિસ્સા,કર્ણાટકનો ઉતરનો ભાગ)
જમીન માલિકી-જમીનદારો ને બનાવામાં આવતા-ટેક્સ ઉઘરાવતા ની સત્તા આપવામાં આવી,
નુકસાન થાય કે ના થાય તો પણ ટેક્સ ભરવાનો, જમીનદારો એ કુલ 11 ભાગમાંથી 10 ભાગ અંગ્રેજો ને આપવાનો રહેતો .
☢2.રૈયતવારી ☢
★સર થોમસ મુનરો 1820દ્વારા સ્થાપિત કરવામાં આવી હતી.
મદ્રાસ અને બોમ્બે વિસ્તારો, તેમજ આસામ અને કુર્ગ પ્રાંતોમાં આ પ્રથા હતી.
આ પ્રણાલીમાં, ખેડૂતો અથવા ખેડુતોને જમીનના માલિક તરીકે ગણવામાં આવતા હતા. તેમની પાસે માલિકીનો અધિકાર હતો, તેઓ જમીન વેચી, ગીરો અથવા ભેટ આપી શકે છે.
★સરકાર દ્વારા કરવેરા સીધા ખેડૂતો પાસેથી વસૂલવામાં આવ્યા હતા.
શુષ્ક ભૂમિમાં દર 50% અને ભીના પ્રદેશમાં 60% હતા.
-કર ઊંચો હોવાથી લોકો જો નિષ્ફળ જતા તો તેમને બેદખલ કરતાં
-રૈયત નો અર્થ જ થાય ખેડૂત ખેડૂત અને અહી જમીનદારી પ્રણાલી જેમ કોઈ વચોળીયા (3rd party) ન હતા..
-કર માત્ર કેશ(રોકડ)માં કરતા.
☢ 3.મહાલવારી પદ્ધતિ☢
★હોલ્ટ મેકેન્ઝી દ્વારા 1822 મહાલવારી પ્રણાલી ,તેના પછી લોર્ડ વિલિયમ બેન્ટિંક હેઠળ તેની સમીક્ષા કરવામાં આવી હતી.
-આ પ્રણાલી ઉત્તર-પશ્ચિમ સરહદ, આગ્રા, મધ્ય પ્રાંત, ગંગેટી ખીણ, પંજાબ વગેરેમાં રજૂ કરવામાં આવી હતી.
★આ પ્રણાલીએ જમીનને મહેલોમાં વહેંચી દીધી. કેટલીકવાર, એક અથવા વધુ ગામો દ્વારા મહેલની રચના કરવામાં આવી હતી.
મહેલ પર કર.
-વ્યક્તિગત કર
-અહીં પણ, માલિકીના હકો ખેડૂતો પાસે હતો.
-આવકનો 60 કે 66% હિસ્સો,આ સંદિ એ સમયે 30 વર્ષે સુધી કરવામાં આવી હતી.
-અને આ કર ઉઘરવાની ..સતા ગામના વડા અથવા ગામના આગેવાનો દ્વારા મહેસુલી વસૂલાત કરવામાં આવતી હતી.
#Thankyou #Gpsc #Gsssb
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👨💻The Hindu Editorial VOCAB: 7th August 2023
1.Vacillate (verb)
Meaning: alternate or waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive. (संदेह करना)
Synonyms: dither, be indecisive, be irresolute
Antonyms: decide, budge
Sentence: We cannot vacillate on the question of the party’s leadership.
2.Insolence (noun)
Meaning: rude and disrespectful behavior. (बदतमीजी)
Synonyms: impertinence, impudence, cheek
Antonyms: civility, graciousness, politeness
Sentence: She was sacked for insolence.
3.Prophylactic (adj.)
Meaning: concerned with or serving to keep something from happening (प्रतिबंधक)
Synonyms: precautionary, preventative, preventive
Antonyms: aiding, assisting, easing
Sentence: The many prophylactic measures that city officials could have taken to reduce the scope of the disaster.
4.Acquisitiveness (noun)
Meaning: excessive interest in acquiring money or material things. (अर्जनशीलता)
Synonyms: greediness, covetousness, cupidity
Antonyms: gratification, satisfaction, contentment
Sentence: His villa is filled with evidence of his acquisitiveness.
5.Measly (adj.)
Meaning: contemptibly small or few. (अल्प)
Synonyms: paltry, meager, scanty
Antonyms: significant, considerable, enough
Sentence: That measly little paycheck barely covered the rent.
6.Intercession (noun)
Meaning: the action of intervening on behalf of another. (बीच-बचाव)
Synonyms: intermediation, negotiation, intervention
Sentence: His intercession could be of help to the tribe.
7.Fragilities (noun)
Meaning: the quality of being easily broken or damaged. (नाजुकता)
Synonyms: frailty, flimsiness, weakness
Antonyms: strong, sturdy, tough
Sentence: Osteoporosis is characterized by bone fragility.
8.Unswerving (adj.)
Meaning: not changing or becoming weaker; steady or constant. (अडिग)
Synonyms: unwavering, unfaltering, unhesitating
Antonyms: timid, diffident, heedful
Sentence: The general had an unswerving devotion to duty.
9.Sapping (verb)
Meaning: gradually weaken or destroy (a person’s strength or power). (निर्बल बनाना)
Synonyms: draining, weakening, debilitating
Antonyms: reviving, rejuvenating, stimulating
Sentence: Our energy is being sapped by bureaucrats and politicians.
10.Con (verb)
Meaning: persuade (someone) to do or believe something, typically by use of a deception. (ठगना)
Synonyms: swindle, defraud, cheat
Antonyms: undeceive, disclose
Sentence: Tried to con me into thinking that he had won the lottery.
#vocab
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The Hindu Vocabulary
1. DISMAL (ADJECTIVE): (निराशाजनक): Gloomy
Synonyms: Glum, Mournful
Antonyms: Gloomy
Example Sentence:
His dismal mood was not dispelled by finding the house empty.
2. GRIEVOUS (ADJECTIVE): (संगीन): Serious
Synonyms: Severe, Grave
Antonyms: Slight
Example Sentence:
His death was a grievous blow to the entire family.
3. BETRAY (VERB): (प्रकट करना): Reveal
Synonyms: Disclose, Divulge
Antonyms: Conceal
Example Sentence:
Many of those employed by diplomats betrayed secrets.
4. VILIFICATION (NOUN): (तिरस्कार): Condemnation
Synonyms: Criticism, Censure
Antonyms: Praise
Example Sentence:
The politicians seldom face widespread vilification.
5. DISSIPATE (VERB): (अपव्यय करना): Squander
Synonyms: Misspend, Waste
Antonyms: Save
Example Sentence:
He inherited, but then dissipated, his father's fortune.
6. DETRIMENT (VERB): (हानि पहुँचाना): Harm
Synonyms: Damage, Injury
Antonyms: Benefit
Example Sentence:
All the tests were a detriment to good education.
7. LURE (VERB): (प्रलोभित करना): Yempt
Synonyms: Entice, Attract
Antonyms: Deter
Example Sentence:
The child was lured into a car but managed to escape.
8. SLUMP (NOUN): (मंदी): Plunge
Synonyms: Drop, Collapse
Antonyms: Rise
Example Sentence:
The company saw a slump in profits.
9. EXPEDITE (VERB): (जल्दी करना): Speed up
Synonyms: Accelerate, Hurry
Antonyms: Delay
Example Sentence:
She promised to expedite economic reforms.
10. DOOM (VERB): (नियत होना): Destine
Synonyms: Fate, Predestine
Antonyms: Happy
Example Sentence:
All of her plans were doomed to failure.
#vocab
કારગિલ યુદ્ધમાં અદમ્ય સાહસ અને શૌર્યથી ભારત માતાની રક્ષા કરનારા કારગિલ યુદ્ધના અમર શહીદોને ભાવપૂર્ણ શ્રદ્ધાંજલિ અને વીર જવાનોને વંદન.
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સીધો સાદો ભોળો માનવ;
ધરતીનો હું મૂળ નિવાસી,
બિરસા મુંડા કુળનો વારસ,
વનમાં રહેતો હું વનવાસી.
"વિશ્વ મૂળ નિવાસી દિવસ' (વિશ્વ આદિવાસી દિવસ)"ની શુભકામનાઓ
बुलंद हो होंसला तो मुट्ठी में हर मुकाम है,
मुश्किले और मुसीबते तो जिंदगी में आम हैं,
जिंदा हो तो ताकत रखो बाजुओ में तैरने की,
क्योकि लहरो के साथ बहना तो लाशो का काम है।
મારી માટી મારો દેશ : 9થી 30 ઓગસ્ટ...
'પંચ પ્રણ' પ્રતિજ્ઞા : સ્થાનિક કક્ષાએ યોજાતા કાર્યક્રમમાં નાગરિકો હાથમાં મુઠ્ઠીભર માટી અથવા માટીનો દીવો રાખી રાષ્ટ્રની એકતા અને અખંડિતતા માટે સામુહિક પ્રતિજ્ઞા લેશે...
#MeriMaatiMeraD
💁♂The Hindu Editorial VOCAB: 8th August 2023
1.Perseverance (noun)
Meaning: persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. (धैर्य)
Synonyms: persistence, tenacity, determination
Antonyms: doubt, incertitude
Sentence: Perseverance is the only road to success.
2.Foreboding (noun)
Meaning: fearful apprehension; a feeling that something bad will happen. (पूर्वाभास)
Synonyms: apprehension, perturbation, trepidation
Antonyms: anticipation, excitement
Sentence: I felt a gloomy foreboding that something was going to go wrong.
3.Avowedly (adv.)
Meaning: as has been asserted, admitted, or stated publicly; openly. (स्पष्टतया)
Synonyms: clear-cut, asserted, averred
Antonyms: denied, disregarded
Sentence: The article is avowedly a historical analysis.
4.Conciliatory (adj.)
Meaning: intended or likely to placate or pacify. (शांति)
Synonyms: propitiatory, placatory, appeasing
Antonyms: antagonizing, abrasive, aggravating
Sentence: Everyone was in a conciliatory mood at the start of the meeting.
5.Humbug (noun)
Meaning: deceptive or false talk or behavior. (पाखण्ड)
Synonyms: hypocrisy, insincerity, dishonesty
Antonyms: original, genuine
Sentence: There were all the usual humbug and obligatory compliments from ministers.
6.Pittance (noun)
Meaning: a very small or inadequate amount of money paid to someone as an allowance or wage. (अल्प भाग)
Synonyms: very small amount, a tiny amount, an insufficient amount
Antonyms: big buck, treasure
Sentence: The internship offers only a pittance in salary, but it is a great opportunity to gain experience.
7.Allusion (noun)
Meaning: an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference. (संकेत)
Synonyms: reference to, mention of, comment on
Sentence: The committee made no allusion to the former President in its report.
8.Enmeshed (verb)
Meaning: cause to become entangled in something. (जाल में फंसना)
Synonyms: entangle, ensnare, snare
Antonyms: disentangled, untangled, liberated
Sentence: The whales are caught by being enmeshed in nets.
9.Vantage (noun)
Meaning: a place or position affording a good view of something. (सहूलियत)
Synonyms: viewpoint, standpoint, stance
Antonyms: detriment, stranglehold
Sentence: The whole dispute looked silly from my vantage point.
10.Referendum (noun)
Meaning: a general vote by the electorate on a single political question which has been referred to them for a direct decision. (जनमत संग्रह)
Synonyms: public vote, ballot, poll
Sentence: They are having a referendum so the public can decide on the controversial issue.
#vocab
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