Learning English

18 февраля 2019 14:33

Describe your hometown

My hometown is Mashhad. It is a city in northeast of Iran. Mashhad is known as a place of religious journey. It's centered on the vast Holy shrine of Imam Reza. Despite it's religious place, it also includes places where you can go to visit. There are a number of large parks in Mashhad, the tombs of historical celebrities and the tomb of Nader Shah and koohsangi parks are in Mashhad. The Koohestan parke-e-shadi complex includes a zoo where many wild animals are kept and it attracts many visitors to Mashhad. Moreover, some points of interest lie outside the city. About 40 kilometres outside of Mashhad is a small town named Tus. The author of the epic poem, The Shahnameh( the Persian book of kings), Ferdowsi died there and his remains have rested in Tus ever since.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#info
#ielts

Learning English

18 февраля 2019 11:48

Go through something

🗨 Look AT/FOR SOMETHING
 go through something to look at or for something carefully:

 I went through all of our closets and I still can’t find my tennis racket.

Malcomson put up the money to start the partnership "Ford and Malcomson" and the pair designed a car and began ordering parts. However, by February 1903, Ford and Malcomson had gone through more money than expected, and the manufacturing firm of John and Horace Dodge, who had made parts for Ford and Malcomson, was demanding payment.

she started to go through the bundle of letters.

Crews carefully go through the wreckage of a home explosion.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#phrasalverb

Learning English

13 февраля 2019 20:32

get something off one's chest.

🗨 unburden oneself; to confess something; to criticize or make a personal complaint to someone.

You will feel better if you get it off your chest. I have to get this off my chest.

I thought these meetings would help the kids get some of their worries off their chests.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#phrasalverb

Learning English

10 февраля 2019 11:09

#kakoband
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#music
#entertainment

Learning English

10 февраля 2019 08:40

Address

🗨  if you address a problem, you start trying to solve it: 

address a problem/question/issue etc.

 The report addresses the problems of malnutrition in the state.

 He organized a meeting to address workers’ complaints.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

address a problem/question/issue etc

• The people who are employed or are inmates, will address issues in a particular way.

• You have to continually be pro-active to address issues of racism.

• We did not expect or intend that the project should address issues of this kind.

• By now Haza was addressing issues other than forbidden love.

• These protections addressed issues ranging from the death penalty and homosexual rights to term limits, campaign-finance reform, and congressional redistricting.

• And so they address a question to the world: What are you, you out there?

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

28 января 2019 12:23

As

🗨 In the way that someone says or that something happens, or in the condition something is in

Do as I say!

We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.

The money was repaid, as promised.

He did not need to keep moving house, as his father had.

Roberta was late as usual (=in the way that she usually was).

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

23 января 2019 13:39

con‧vey

 /kənˈveɪ/ ●○○ verb 

🗨[transitive] to communicate or express something, with or without using words

All this information can be conveyed in a simple diagram.

Ads convey the message that thin is beautiful.

He was sent to convey a message to the UN Secretary General.

convey something to somebody

I want to convey to children that reading is one of life’s greatest treats.

convey a sense/an impression/an idea etc

You don’t want to convey the impression that there’s anything illegal going on.

🗨  formal to take or carry something from one place to another

Your luggage will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

convey information
Your movements also convey information to people.

convey a message 
(=express an important idea – used about books, films, art etc)

Do you think the poem conveys a message about society?

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

They may also find one or two of the papers unnecessarily long for the points they convey.

I suggest that these parents look long and hard at the messages they have been inadvertently conveying about reading.

His office conveyed an impression of efficiencyand seriousness.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

19 января 2019 14:37

The effects of stress on behavior can be grouped into three general categories:

(1) mild stress can induce or potentiate a variety of behaviors such as eating, aggression, and sexual behavior;

(2) more severe stress may disrupt behavior by making it repetitious, less finely tuned to the environment and stereotyped;

(3) severe stress can also totally suppress behavior.

These effects of stress, which have been reported to occur in virtually all species, including man, may represent an attempt by the organism to reduce or eliminate the deleterious effects of the stress.

In this sense, these behaviors represent a form of self-therapy.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#info

Learning English

16 января 2019 13:24

be had

#idiom

🗨  to be tricked or fooled by someone

She doesn't want to buy a used car because she's worried about being had by a dishonest salesman.

I don't trust them. I think we've been had.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

Safe in the knowledge that the wolf has been securely trussed by the rules and regulations of the Advertising Standards Authority, they knowingly consent to being had.

🗨 if you have been had, someone has tricked you, for example by selling you something at too high a price.

[informal]

If your customer thinks he's been had, you have to make him happy.

 I was had by that insurance salesmen.

Now we're paying twice as much for a plan that, in reality, doesn't cover anything! I think you were had, my friend. 

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#idiom

Learning English

14 января 2019 13:39

have (something)(adjective) by (a day or time)

This expression is used to talk about something that you want to be a certain way by a certain deadline. You can't use just any adjective in this phrase; there are only a few adjectives that will fit. These include:

We need to have this finished by Monday.

You'd better have it done by the end of the day.

I don't know if it's possible to have it built by then, but we can at least have it planned out and designed.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#phrasalverb

Learning English

09 января 2019 13:47

con‧fer 

/kənˈfɜː $ -ˈfɜːr/ ●○○ AWL verb(conferred, conferring) formal

🗨[intransitive] to discuss something with other people, so that everyone can express their opinions and decide on something

confer with

Franklin leant over and conferred with his attorneys.

Confer vs. Consult

Confer and consult are very closely related in meaning, and each has senses that are synonymous with the other’s. 
If you confer with someone, it is entirely possible that you will be seeking advice, but you could also simply be having a discussion (“they conferred privately before making a decision”). If you are consulting someone or something, it is more likely that you are seeking advice (“he consulted his doctor before deciding on a course of treatment”).Consult is unambiguously the correct choice when one is seeking guidance or information from a non-human source; you would consult (not confer with) a dictionary for information on a word.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

He conferred privately with key congressional leaders and together they started the Manhattan Project.

The cameleers … conferred with each other about the safest path across.

Fifty-four years later, the quest for joy has been replaced by a search for securities that confer security.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

08 января 2019 11:03

as‧pect

 /ˈæspekt/ ●●● S2 W1 AWLnoun

🗨  [countable] one part of a situation, idea, plan etc that has many partsaspect of

Dealing with people is the most important aspect of my work.

Alcoholism affects all aspects of family life.

🗨  [countable] the direction in which a window, room, front of a building etc faces

a south-facing aspect


🗨  [singular, uncountable] literary the appearance of someone or something

The storm outside gave the room a sinister aspect.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

an important/significant aspect

A person’s nationality is an important aspect of their identity.

a key aspect (=a very important aspect)
There have been changes in five key aspects of education.

a positive aspect

Describe some of the positive aspects of technological development.

negative aspect

We have to consider tourism’s negative aspects.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

Not all aspects of the term are explored as this would require a separate chapter in its own right.

When everything turns green, the countryside presents a truly beautiful aspect.• 

Chris is dealing with the commercial aspects of this ambitious project.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

08 января 2019 06:23

im‧pulse

 /ˈɪmpʌls/ ●○○ noun

[countable, uncountable]

🗨  a sudden strong desire to do something without thinking about whether it is a sensible thing to do SYN urge

impulse to do something

a sudden impulse to laugh

Marge’s first impulse was to run.

Gerry couldn’t resist the impulse to kiss her.

on impulse

On impulse, I picked up the phone and rang her.

Most beginners buy plants on impulse and then hope for the best.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

06 января 2019 12:02

sneak
/sniːk/ ●○○ verb

🗨  GO SECRETLY 
[intransitive always + adverb/preposition]

🗨  to go somewhere secretly and quietly in order to avoid being seen or heard SYN creep

sneak in/out/away etc

They sneaked off without paying!

She snuck out of the house once her parents were asleep.

🗨 The word sneak has many shades of meaning, but all involve doingsomething in a secretive or stealthy way. If you sneak home after midnight, that means you're quietly creeping intothe house so no one will hear you.

The thieves sneaked in while the guard had his back turned.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

05 января 2019 11:20

spe‧cial‧ize

 (also specialise British English) 
/ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ ●○○ verb

 [intransitive]🗨  limit all or most of your study, business etc to a particular subject or activity

specialize in

Simmons specialized in contract law.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

Hollington Architects Inc., specializes in institutional design, such as schools and churches.• 

He had wanted the Agency to specialize in political cases.

They specialize in providing branch bankingfacilities to individuals.• 

They specialize in the big picture and are no good at details.

The chef specializes in Hunan and Szechuan cuisine, but all the dishes we tried were delicious.• 

The store specializes in interior design books.• 

My history professor specialized in Russianhistory.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

18 февраля 2019 12:37

Put up money/$500/$5 million 

🗨 to give an amount of money for a particular purpose:

 Part of that money is being put up by local businessmen.

 Local residents have put up a reward for information about the crime.

Malcomson put up the money to start the partnership "Ford and Malcomson" and the pair designed a car and began ordering parts. 

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#phrasalverb

Learning English

17 февраля 2019 19:23

Civil engineers create, improve and protect the environment in which we live. They plan, design and oversee construction and maintenance of building structures and infrastructure, such as roads, railways, airports, bridges, harbours, dams, irrigation projects

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

They also design and build tall buildings and large structures that can withstand all weather conditions.

Generally, civil engineers fall into two types: consulting engineers and contracting engineers. Consultants are responsible for the design work of projects and work predominantly in an office. Contractors then take the designs and implement them during construction. Contractors work on site, managing the construction of the structure.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#civil_engineer
#info

Learning English

10 февраля 2019 11:11

#kakoband
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#music
#entertainment

Learning English

10 февраля 2019 11:02

#kakoband
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#music
#entertainment

Learning English

05 февраля 2019 21:41

Scientists are catching crocodiles and sampling their blood in the hope of finding powerful new drugs to fight human infections.

Australian Adam Britton and US expert Mark Merchant spent the last fortnight combing the Northern Territory for salt and freshwater crocs.
It has been known for some time that these animals heal serious injuries rapidly and almost without infection.
More recently, tests showed alligator blood has strong antibacterial powers.

Natural fighters

Dr Merchant said there was a wealth of anecdotal evidence suggesting that alligators and crocodiles are resistant to bacterial infection.
"These animals are very territorial and when they fight it gets very ugly.
"They tear limbs off one another and leave huge gaping wounds.

We caught nine large, wild saltwater crocodiles and bled some 15 or 20 captive fresh and saltwater crocodiles 

Dr Merchant

"And, despite the fact that they live in an environment that harbour potentially a lot of pathogenic microbes, these horrible wounds seem to heal up very rapidly and almost always without infection."
About three and a half years ago he tested alligator blood and pinpointed why these animals were so resistant to infection.
Alligators and crocodiles, like humans, have a natural defence system against invading bacteria, viruses and fungi, which involves a group of proteins called the complement system.
When Dr Merchant exposed the alligator blood to pathogens such as HIV, West Nile Virus and E Coli, it started to kill them.
"It turns out that this complement system is much more effective than ours.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#info

Learning English

23 января 2019 13:46

long

 ●●○ verb [intransitive]

🗨 to want something very much, especially when it seems unlikely to happen soon

long to do something

He longed to see her again.

long for

She longed for the chance to speak to him in private.

long for somebody to do something

She longed for him to return.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

Those naive souls who have longed for a simpler and better way have had to consign their visions to pointless daydreams.

 Artificial light, all the lines lie, it almost makes you long for darkness.

 He was longing for everyone to leave, so that he could think in peace about what had happened that day.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

23 января 2019 13:32

o‧blige

 /əˈblaɪdʒ/ ●○○ verb formal

 [transitive] 

🗨 if you are obliged to do something, you have to do it because the situation, the law, a duty etc makes it necessary

oblige somebody to do something

The minister was obliged to report at least once every six months.

Circumstances had obliged him to sell the business.

feel obliged to do something (=feel that you have a duty to do something)

Many parents feel obliged to pay for at least part of the wedding.

🗨 do something that someone has asked you to do

It’s always a good idea to oblige important clients.

happy/glad/ready etc to oblige

If you need a ride home, I’d be happy to oblige.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

• Many grown-up people feel obliged by such considerations to continue to acknowledge the authority of their parents over them.

I shall nevertheless oblige him to dance for his own good.

For he was obliged now to concentrate on what he was doing, even if it was next to nothing.

Register

In everyday English, people usually say that you have to do something rather than are obliged to do something:

He had to sell the business.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

16 января 2019 15:54

🗨20-odd, 30-odd etc. spoken a little more than 20, 30, etc.:

 None of the 30-odd passengers complained.

Of the 1500-odd men on board, nine survived.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

14 января 2019 17:48

take something in your stride

British English, 

take something in stride

American English 

🗨 not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you

When the boss asked Judy to stay late, she took it in stride.

Nigel smiled and took the criticism in his stride.• 

You do dangerous things and take them in your stride just for starters.

 Liz seems to be taking the divorce in her stride.• 

No doubt, he felt he could take that in his stride

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#phrasalverb

Learning English

14 января 2019 12:56

in‧ter‧pre‧ta‧tion

 /ɪnˌtɜːprɪˈteɪʃən $ -ɜːr-/●●○ W3 AWL noun [countable, uncountable]

🗨  the way in which someone explains or understands an event, information, someone’s actions etc

🗨 the action of explaining the meaning of something.

"the interpretation of data"


an explanation or way of explaining.

plural noun: interpretations

"this action is open to a number of interpretations"

One possible interpretation is that they want you to resign.

It’s difficult to put an accurate interpretation on (=explain) the survey results.

What exactly the author meant by that statement is open to interpretation (=able to be understood or explained in different ways).

🗨 the way in which someone performs a play, a piece of music etc and shows what they think and feel about it

Laurence Olivier’s brilliant interpretation of Henry V.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

 Lawyers called the police department's interpretation of the law "ridiculous."• 

Leonard won for his skillful interpretation of a piece by Mozart.•

 The word "reasonable" is vague and open to interpretation.•

 the traditional interpretation of Marx's opinions.


@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

open to interpretation• 

Thus judgements are made on subjectivegrounds concerning the performance of the individual and this will be open to interpretation.• 

As a result, what we see is consistently open to interpretation, often with profound and tragicconsequences.• 

The function of certain artefacts is less open to interpretation.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

08 января 2019 11:13

hin‧der
 /ˈhɪndə $ -ər/ ●○○ verb

🗨  [transitive] to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed SYN hamper

His career has been hindered by injury.

policies that will hinder rather than help families.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

• No national market for consumer or industrial goods was created and thus industrialization was hindered.• 

Society's attitudes about women hinder any real progress toward equality.• 

As he followed Isaac, the air felt almost as hindering as the insect-ridden vegetation underfoot.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

08 января 2019 06:28

ex‧tend 

/ɪkˈstend/ ●●○ S3 W2 verb TIME [intransitive + adverb/preposition, transitive]

🗨  to continue for a longer period of time, or to make something last longer

Management have agreed to extend the deadline.

extend for/into/over etc

Some of our courses extend over two years.

extend something for/by/until something

The government has extended the ban on the import of beef until June.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

The hotel has been recently renovated and extended.• 

Smith Point is a small piece of land extending a hundred yards or so into the water.• 

The Soviet Union extended all the way from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

06 января 2019 14:26

out‧per‧form

 /ˌaʊtpəˈfɔːm $ -pərˈfɔːrm/ verb

[transitive]🗨 to be more successful than someone or something else

Stocks generally outperform other investments.

Do private hospitals outperform public hospitals regarding efficiency, accessibility, and quality of care in the European Union?

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

Mtn-/-/ErrγTg/+ mice even outperform wild type mice during an incremental exercise test.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#vocabulary

Learning English

06 января 2019 11:55

prey on something/someone

— #phrasalverb

🗨  kill and eat an animal:

Lions prey on huge herds of wildebeest and zebra.

Cats prey on birds and mice.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

🗨 Someone who preys on a group ofpeople tries to get something from them illegally or unfairly:

These telemarketers prey on the elderly and call them 5 or 10 times a day.

religious cults that specialize in preying on young people.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

🗨 to take advantage of people who are weak or easily deceived.

fake charities that prey on small businesses for contributions.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish

Mountain lions have been coming down into town to prey on people's pets. 

You can tell that this bird preys upon insects by the shape of its beak.

And for jumping spiders that sneak onto other spiders' webs to prey on their owners, it can be the difference between having lunch and becoming it. 

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#phrasalverb

Learning English

05 января 2019 10:09

refer to somebody/something

phrasal verb

🗨  to mention or speak about someone or something

We agreed never to refer to the matter again.

Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.

as
He likes to be referred to as ‘Doctor Khee’.

by
The hospital now refers to patients by name, not case number.

@learningadvancedenglish
@learningadvancedenglish
#phrasalverb