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ohm's law :
States that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through the resistance.
Non-Conventional Power Plants
The non-conventional sources of energy are being continuously produced in nature and are not exhaustible. Examples include wood, geothermal energy, wind energy, tidal energy, nuclear fusion, biomass, solar energy etc.
The following are the power plants from non-conventional sources of energy.
Thermoelectric Generator
Thermionic generator
Fuel-cells Power Plants
Photovoltaic solar cells Power System
MHD Power Plants
Fussion Reactor NPP Power System
Biogas, Biomass Energy Power system
Geothermal Energy
Wind Energy Power System
Ocean Thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
Wave and Tidal Wave
Energy Plantation Scheme
Types of Power Plants
There are several different types of power plants used across the world today. Power plants are classified into different groups based on the criteria used for the classification. The criteria used in this article is what source of energy is utilized to produce the electricity. Using the criteria of source of energy for electricity production, we can broadly classify power plants to,
Conventional Power Plants
Non-Conventional Power Plants
Conventional power plants use conventional sources of energy while non-conventional power plants utilize non-conventional sources of energy.
The first power plant owned by Thomas Edison opened in New York City in 1882.
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An electric current is a flow of electric charge. In electric circuits this charge is often carried by moving electrons in a wire. It is involved in powering the electrical appliances you use every day: computers, smartphones, washing machines, flashlights and any other common electric device.
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Electricity is a type of energy that builds up in one place, or flows from one place to another. When electricity gathers in one place it is known as static electricity. Electricity that moves from one place to another is called electric current.
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What’s a Volt? A unit of electric force, measuring the potential strength of current.
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What is stepper motor.what is its uses?
Stepper motor is the electrical machine which act upon input pulse applied to it. it is one type of synchronous motor which runs in steps in either direction instead of running in complete cycle. so, in automation parts it is used.
What is the power factor of an alternator at no load?
At no load Synchronous Impedance of the alternator is responsible for creating angle difference. So it should be zero lagging like inductor.
What are the advantage of free wheeling diode in a Full Wave rectifier?
It reduces the harmonics and it also reduces sparking and arching across the mechanical switch so that it reduces the voltage spike seen in a inductive load.
What will happen if DC supply is given on the primary of a transformer?
Mainly transformer has high inductance and low resistance.In case of DC supply there is no inductance ,only resistance will act in the electrical circuit. So high electrical current will flow through primary side of the transformer.So for this reason coil and insulation will burn out.
What is meant by knee point voltage?
Knee point voltage is calculated for electrical Current transformers and is very important factor to choose a CT. It is the voltage at which a CT gets saturated.(CT-current transformer).
Why thyristor is considered as Charge controlled device?
During the triggering process of the thyristor from forward blocking state to forward conduction state through the gate signal, by applying the gate signal (voltage between gate and cathode) increases the minority carrier density in the p-layer and thereby facilitate the reverse break over of the junction J2 and thyristor starts conducting. Higher the magnitude of the gate current pulse, lesser is the time required to inject the charge and turning on the scr. By controlling the amount of charge we can control the turning on time of the scr.
What is Latching current?
Gate signal is to be applied to the thyristor to trigger the thyristor ON in safe mode. When the thyristor starts conducting the forward current above the minimum value, called Latching current, the gate signal which is applied to trigger the device in no longer require to keep the scr in ON position.
RHEOSTAT :
A resistor used for regulating a current by means of variable resistance; rheostats allow only one current path.
Conventional Power Plants
They include the generation of electricity from conventional sources of energy. These resources are finite and exhaustible. Once consumed, these sources cannot be replaced by others. Examples include coal, timber, petroleum, lignite, natural gas, fossil fuels, nuclear fuels etc.
The conventional power plants include the following power plants,
Steam Engines Power Plants
Steam Turbine Power Plants
Diesel Power Plants
Gas Turbine Power Plants
Hydro Electric Power Plants
Nuclear Power Plants
What is the difference between MCB & MCCB, Where it
can be used?
MCB is miniature circuit breaker which is thermal operated and
use for short circuit protection in small current rating circuit.
MCCB moulded case circuit breaker and is thermal operated for
over load current and magnetic operation for instant trip in
short circuit condition.under voltage and under frequency may
be inbuilt. Normally it is used where normal current is more
than 100A.
Lightning is a discharge of electricity in the atmosphere. Lightning bolts can travel at around 210,000 kph (130,000 mph), while reaching nearly 30,000 °C (54,000 °F) in temperature.
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Static electricity usually happens when you rub things together. It’s why a balloon will stick to you after rubbing it against your clothes. Or why you get a shock when walking across carpet and touching something metallic. It’s also the cause of lightning. As rain clouds move through the sky, they rub against the air around them.
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Water doesn’t actually conduct electricity. Impurities in water is what makes it conduct electricity.
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Electricity travels at 6,696,000 miles per hour.
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There are a Transformer and an induction machine. Those two have the same supply. For which device the load current will be maximum? And why?
The motor has max load current compare to that of transformer because the motor consumes real power.. and the transformer is only producing the working flux and its not consuming.. hence the load current in the transformer is less because of core loss.
What is the function of anti-pumping in circuit breaker?
When breaker is close at one time by close push button,the anti pumping contactor prevent re close the breaker by close push button after if it already close.
The different methods of starting an induction motor:
a)DOL:direct online starter
b)Star delta starter
c)Auto transformer starter
d)Resistance starter
e)Series reactor starter
What is the difference between isolators and electrical circuit breakers? What is bus-bar?
Isolators are mainly for switching purpose under normal conditions but they cannot operate in fault conditions .Actually they used for isolating the CBs for maintenance. Whereas CB gets activated under fault conditions according to the fault detected.Bus bar is nothing but a junction where the power is getting distributed for independent loads.
What is reverse power relay?
Reverse Power flow relay are used in generating stations's protection. A generating stations is supposed to fed power to the grid and in case generating units are off,there is no generation in the plant then plant may take power from grid. To stop the flow of power from grid to generator we use reverse power relay.
What are the different losses that occur in thyristor while operating?
Different losses that occur are
a)Forward conduction losses during conduction of the thyristor
b)Loss due to leakage current during forward and reverse blocking.
c)Power loss at gate or Gate triggering loss.
d)Switching losses at turn-on and turn-off.
What is Holding current ?
When scr is conducting current in forward conduction state, scr will return to forward blocking state when the anode current or forward current falls below a low level called Holding current
Note: Latching current and Holding current are not same. Latching current is associated with the turn on process of the scr whereas holding current is associated with the turn off process. In general holding current will be slightly lesser than the latching current.
What is the effect of positive feedback on stability of the system?
Positive feedback is not used generally in the control system because it increases the error signal and drives the system to instability. But positive feedbacks are used in minor loop control systems to amplify certain internal signals and parameters.