6020
🌏🌍 GEOGRAPHY 🌏🌍 English and Hindi Medium If you have any valid Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) complaint, please inform to @avinash396 . We will remove it immediately. #Team_bhugol
𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗴𝘂𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗕𝗼𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗮(BP)𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝘄𝗼 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗹𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗱 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗵 𝗔𝗺𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗮.
Читать полностью…
☀️𝗘𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵’𝘀 🌎 𝐂𝐫𝐮𝐬𝐭 𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
𝐎𝐱𝐲𝐠𝐞𝐧-𝟒𝟕%
𝐒𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐨𝐧-𝟐𝟖%
𝐀𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐮𝐦-𝟖%
𝐈𝐫𝐨𝐧-𝟓%
𝐌𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐮𝐦-𝟒%
𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐜𝐢𝐮𝐦-𝟐%
𝐏𝐨𝐭𝐭𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐮𝐦-𝟐%
𝐒𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐮𝐦-𝟐%
𝐎𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐬-𝟐%
𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗴𝗼 𝗥𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝘀 𝗮𝗹𝘀𝗼 𝗸𝗻𝗼𝘄𝗻 𝗮𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗭𝗮𝗶𝗿𝗲 𝗥𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗜𝘁 𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗲𝗾𝘂𝗮𝘁𝗼𝗿 𝘁𝘄𝗶𝗰𝗲.
Читать полностью…
𝗡𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗸𝘀:𝗡𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝗸𝘀 𝗰𝗮𝗻 𝗯𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗯𝘆 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗴𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗯𝘆 𝗡𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻.
☀️𝑯𝒆𝒓𝒆, 𝒏𝒐 𝒉𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒊𝒔 𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒅.
भारत के राष्ट्रीय उद्यान व जैवमंडल आरक्षित क्षेत्र
List of National Parks in India 🇮🇳
📚International conference related to environmental protection
➡️Stockholm Conference (Sweden) In 1972, the United Nations organized a conference related to the environment in Stockholm.
>After this conference, environment became an international issue.
>It was decided to celebrate 5th June as World Environment Day.
➡️Montreal Protocol (Canada)
> A conference of leading international community was held in Canada on September 16, 1987 to stop the depletion of the ozone layer.
16 September is celebrated every year as Ozone Day.
> Its main objective was to reduce the production of Chlorofluorocarbon
gas in the next 10 years and it was agreed to completely end the production of halogen gas.
➡️Helsinki Conference (Finland)
> This conference was organized in Finland in 1989.
> Its objective is to save ozone depletion and to ban the production of Chlorofluorocarbon.
➡️london conference
> This conference was organized in 1990 AD.
>In this conference it was decided that the production of chlorofluorocarbons by developed countries would be completely stopped by the year 2010.
➡️Copenhagen Conference (Denmark)
This conference was organized in 1992.
> In this conference, separate deadlines were set for developing and developed countries to follow the agreements made in the Montreal Protocol.
➡️First Earth Summit (Rio Conference)
> United Nations Environment and Development Conference under the auspices of the United Nations in Rio de Janeiro city of Brazil (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development- UNCED) was organized.
>It was organized from 3 to 14 June in the year 1992.
>Representatives of 154 developed and developing countries participated in this conference.
>The main objective of this conference is to reach a worldwide consensus and form of action to solve the problems of global warming, ozone layer depletion and ozone hole, forest destruction, bio-diversity, weather and climate change, acid rain, sustainable development etc. Give.
>Five main issues were decided in this conference-
(a) Increase in global temperature
(b) Forest conservation
(c) Bio-diversity
(d) Agenda- 21
(e) Rio Declaration
➡️Kyoto Conference (Japan)
> This conference was organized in Japan in 1997.
> In this conference, it was decided that in the period 2008-12, emissions of three major greenhouse gases, namely carbon dioxide CO₂, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) will be reduced by an average of 5% from the 1990 levels.
➡️Bali Conference (Indonesia)
>The Bali Conference was organized in Indonesia in the year 2007.
>In this conference, the United Nations Environment Conference was held from 3 to 14 December 2007 to face the growing threat of climate change.
> Determining the share of greenhouse gases was discussed at the Bali conference.
➡️Cancún Conference (Mexico)
> This conference was organized in 2010.
> This conference based on United Nations Climate Change was held in Cancún (Mexico) between 29 November to 10 December 2010.
>The main objectives of this conference were to create a treaty on climate change, determine the quantity of emissions and achieve the temperature before the Industrial Revolution, etc.
➡️Johannesburg Conference (South Africa) or Second Earth Summit
> This conference was organized in South Africa in 2002.
>The main issues of this conference were-
(a) Water and sanitation
(b) energy
(c) health
(d) Agriculture and biodiversity
> In this conference, it was also agreed to establish 'World Solidarity Fund' to eradicate poverty.
➡️Stockholm Conference (Sweden)
> Stockholm conference was organized in 2004.
> In this conference, it was decided to ban 12 dangerous bio-pesticides and industrial pollutants.
➡️Montreal Conference (2005)
> Developed countries have to work to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2012.
> It was decided to create an environmental fund and transfer developed technology.
(iv) Mountain Group: These are made up of many mountains, but no definite arrangement of mountains is found in them. The San Juan Mountain range located in Colorado state in the United States of America is a good example of this.
(v) Mountain Ridge: When a landmass rises up in the form of an arch due to folding or faulting, it is called mountain ridge. Generally mountain ridges are long and narrow. The Blue Mountain Ridge of the Appalachian Mountains is an example of this.
(vi) Mountain Chain: When mountains that are unequal in terms of origin and age are found in long and narrow strips, they are called mountain chains.
(vii) Individual mountains: Sometimes, due to excessive erosion of any land area or due to volcanic activity, isolated mountains are formed. These mountains are found only as an exception.
📚Factors affecting south-west monsoon
➡️Differential heating and cooling
➡️Shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
➡️High pressure area east of Madagascar
➡️Heating of the Tibetan Plateau:
➡️Speed of jet stream
➡️Effect of the Western Ghats
➡️El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
➡️La Nina Southern Oscillation
➡️Pressure difference between Tahiti and Darwin Islands
📚Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) comprising 9 Member States.
Mnemonic-PINKI TRUCK
P- Pakistan 🇵🇰
IN- INDIA 🇮🇳
K- Kyrgyzstan🇰🇬
I- Iran🇮🇷
T- Tajikistan🇹🇯
R- Russia 🇷🇺
U- Uzbekistan 🇺🇿
C- China 🇨🇳
K- Kazakhstan 🇰🇿
आर्थिक भूगोल के सिद्धांत
Hindi Medium
भौगोलिक चिंतन का विकास
Hindi Medium
🔘Some important mnemonics
⭐Pinder River meets Alaknanda at Karna Prayag.
Mnemonic-"PINK"
PIN- Pinder river
K-Karna Prayag
⭐ Mandakini River meets Alaknanda at Rudraprayag.
Mnemonic-"RUM"
RU-Rudraprayag
M-Mandakini
⭐Nandakini river meets Alaknanda at Nand Prayag. This can be guessed because both their names start with "NA"
⭐Alaknanda River is situated at Badrinath Dham.
Mnemonic-"BA"
B-Badrinath
A-Alaknanda
⭐ Mandakini river is situated at Kedarnath Dham.
Mnemonic-"MAKE"
MA-Mandakini
KE-Kedarnath
𝗥𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗟𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗽𝗼 𝗳𝗹𝗼𝘄𝘀 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗢𝗰𝗲𝗮𝗻𝘀, 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗰𝗿𝗼𝘀𝘀𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗧𝗿𝗼𝗽𝗶𝗰 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗰𝗼𝗿𝗻 𝘁𝘄𝗶𝗰𝗲.
Читать полностью…
⭐𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗮𝗺𝘀𝗮𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗿𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗶𝘇𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀:
𝟭-𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗨𝗻𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 (𝗜𝗨𝗖𝗡).
𝟮-𝗕𝗶𝗿𝗱𝗹𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹.
𝟯-𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗪𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘁𝘂𝘁𝗲 (𝗜𝗪𝗠𝗜).
𝟰-𝗪𝗲𝘁𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹.
𝟱-𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗳𝗼𝘄𝗹 & 𝗪𝗲𝘁𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀 𝗧𝗿𝘂𝘀𝘁 (𝗪𝗪𝗧)
𝟲-𝗪𝗪𝗙 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹
★ List of 13 Major Sea Ports of India :-
1 Mumbai - Maharashtra
2 Kolkata - West Bengal
3 Chennai - Tamilnadu
4 Kochi - Kerala
5 Visakhapatnam - Andhra Pradesh
6 Paradip - Orissa
7 Tuticorin - Tamilnadu
8 Mormugao - Goa
9 Kandla - Gujarat
10 New Mangalore - Karnataka
#gkquiz
इंद्र धनुषीय क्रांतियां एवं उनके उपनाम
Читать полностью…
"The brain that doesn’t feed itself, eats itself." - Gore Vidal
#Motivation
📚Classification of mountains on the basis of geographical arrangement
➡️Professor P.G. Worcester has divided the mountains into the following sections on the basis of geographical arrangement:
(i) Cardillera
(ii) Mountain System
(iii) Mountain Range
(iv) Mountain Group
(v) Mountain Ridge
(vi) Mountain Chain
(vii) Individual mountains
(1) Cardillera: It consists of mountain ranges, mountain sequences and mountain ranges formed in different periods and in different ways. The Cordillera mountain group of British Columbia is an example of this.
(ii) Mountain System: Mountain system is made up of many mountain ranges and mountain classes formed from the same period and the same mountain. The Appalachian Mountains of the United States are a good example of this.
(iii) Mountain Range: When many mountains of the same age, formed in the same way, are arranged in a long and narrow strip, then it is called a mountain range. The Himalayan mountain range is an example of this.
📚 Nine internal security challenges
Читать полностью…
☀️ 𝗗𝗶𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝘁𝘆𝗽𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹:
𝟭-𝗔𝗹𝗹𝘂𝘃𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹 [𝟰𝟯%]
𝟮-𝗥𝗲𝗱 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹 [𝟭𝟴.𝟱%]
𝟯-𝗕𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗸 / 𝗿𝗲𝗴𝘂𝗿 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹 [𝟭𝟱%]
𝟰-𝗔𝗿𝗶𝗱/𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹
𝟱-𝗟𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗲 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹
𝟲-𝗦𝗮𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹
𝟳-𝗣𝗲𝗮𝘁𝘆/𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘀𝗵𝘆 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹
𝟴-𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹
𝟵-𝗦𝘂𝗯-𝗺𝗼𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻 𝘀𝗼𝗶𝗹
𝟭𝟬- 𝗦𝗻𝗼𝘄𝗳𝗶𝗲𝗹𝗱𝘀
🗾किरिबाती विश्व का एकमात्र ऐसा देश है जो चारों गोलार्धों में स्थित है।
🔸दक्षिण तरावा किरिबाती की राजधानी है, जो प्रशांत महासागर में स्थित माइक्रोनेशिया में द्वीपों का एक बिखरा हुआ समूह है।
🔸किरिबाती में 33 मूंगा द्वीप हैं जो तीन द्वीप समूहों में विभाजित हैं: गिल्बर्ट द्वीप, फीनिक्स द्वीप और लाइन द्वीप।
🔸किरिबाती के 33 द्वीपों में से 21 द्वीपों पर मानव बसाव हैं। अधिकांश आबादी गिल्बर्ट द्वीप समूह में केंद्रित है और फीनिक्स समूह में केवल एक द्वीप पर निवास है और तीन लाइन द्वीप स्थायी रूप से बसे हुए हैं। किरिबाती की राजधानी दक्षिण तरावा गिल्बर्ट द्वीप समूह में एक एटाॅल है।
UGC-NET (GEOGRAPHY- 80)
PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇
🔘Countries lying on the tropic of Capricorn constitute 10 countries,
Mnemonic-MBBS play PACMAN
M-Madagascar
B-Botswana
B-Brazil
S-South Africa
P-Paraguay
A-Australia
C-Chile
M-Mozambique
A-Argentina
N-Namibia