6020
🌏🌍 GEOGRAPHY 🌏🌍 English and Hindi Medium If you have any valid Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) complaint, please inform to @avinash396 . We will remove it immediately. #Team_bhugol
🔘Some important mnemonics
⭐Pinder River meets Alaknanda at Karna Prayag.
Mnemonic-"PINK"
PIN- Pinder river
K-Karna Prayag
⭐ Mandakini River meets Alaknanda at Rudraprayag.
Mnemonic-"RUM"
RU-Rudraprayag
M-Mandakini
⭐Nandakini river meets Alaknanda at Nand Prayag. This can be guessed because both their names start with "NA"
⭐Alaknanda River is situated at Badrinath Dham.
Mnemonic-"BA"
B-Badrinath
A-Alaknanda
⭐ Mandakini river is situated at Kedarnath Dham.
Mnemonic-"MAKE"
MA-Mandakini
KE-Kedarnath
📌Karewa
In the Kashmiri dialect,term Karewa means “elevated table land”
🔸Karewas are the thick deposits of glacial clay and other materials embedded with moraines
🔸These plateaus are 13,000-18,000 metre-thick deposits of alluvial soil and sediments like sandstone and mudstone
📌Karewas Formation
Kashmir valley resides between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal ranges of the Kashmir Himalayas. In earlier times, when the upliftment of the Pir Panjal ranges happened, the flow of the river had stopped.As a result, the whole of Kashmir valley became a large lake. Slowly, the glacial deposits have accumulated here in this lake. Thus creating a large lacustrine plain. Later on, the water drained away and these unconsolidated deposits remained there. These unconsolidated gravel and mud deposits are known as Karewa formation.
🔸It formed during the Pleistocene period (2.6 million years to 11,700 years ago)
📌 Cloud condensation nuclei
Cloud condensation nuclei, also known as cloud seeds, are small particles typically 0.2 µm, or one hundredth the size of a cloud droplet. CCNs are a unique subset of aerosols in the atmosphere on which water vapour condenses. This can affect the radiative properties of clouds and the overall atmosphere.
📌Parasitic cone
A parasitic cone is the cone-shaped accumulation of volcanic material not part of the central vent of a volcano. It forms from eruptions from fractures on the flank of the volcano. These fractures occur because the flank of the volcano is unstable.
Eventually, the fractures reach the magma chamber and generate eruptions called flank eruptions, which, in turn, produce a parasitic cone.
What is Klippe??
A klippe (German for cliff or crag) is a geological feature of thrust fault terrains. The klippe is the remnant portion of a nappe after erosion has removed connecting portions of the nappe.
📌What is nunatak?🤔
A nunatak is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks.
🔸Isolated nunataks are also called glacial islands,and smaller nunataks rounded by glacial action may be referred to as rognons.
📌Playa
A dry lake bed, also known as a playa, is a basin or depression that formerly contained a standing surface water body, which disappears when evaporation processes exceed recharge.
If the floor of a dry lake is covered by deposits of alkaline compounds, it is known as an alkali flat. If covered with salt, it is known as a salt flat.
📌Simoom is a strong, hot, dry, dust-laden wind. The word is generally used to describe a local wind that blows in the Sahara, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Syria, and the deserts of Arabian Peninsula
Читать полностью…
📌Definition of Surf zone or Breaker zone:
The surf zone (or breaker zone) is the zone where waves break as a consequence of depth limitation and surf onshore as wave bores.
🔸After breaking in the surf zone, the waves (now reduced in height) continue to move in, and they run up onto the sloping front of the beach, forming an uprush of water called swash. The water then runs back again as backwash.
📌Phreatic Zone
The phreatic zone, saturated zone, or zone of saturation, is the part of an aquifer, below the water table, in which relatively all pores and fractures are saturated with water. The part above the water table is the vadose zone (also called unsaturated zone)
📌Golan Heights
The Golan Heights is a rocky plateau with an area of 1,800km² on the border between Israel and Syria in south-western Syria.
List of national parks in India🌳🎄🌵🌿🌱🪵🍀🍁
Читать полностью…
Biodiversity heritage sites in India 🦍🐆🦧🦣🦬🐊🐢🦐🦀
Читать полностью…
✨ भारत के प्रमुख बांध एवं नदी परियोजनाएँ
● जायकवाड़ी परियोजना- गोदावरी नदी- महाराष्ट्र
● टिहरी बाँध परियोजना- भागीरथी नदी- उत्तराखण्ड
● तिलैया परियोजना- बराकर नदी- झारखंड
● तुलबुल परियोजना- झेलम नदी- जम्मू और कश्मीर
● दुर्गापुर बैराज परियोजना- दामोदर नदी- पश्चिम बंगाल
● दुलहस्ती परियोजना- चिनाब नदी- जम्मू और कश्मीर
● नागपुर शक्ति गृह परियोजना- कोराडी नदी- महाराष्ट्
● नागार्जुनसागर परियोजना- कृष्णा नदी- आन्ध्र प्रदेश
● नाथपा झाकरी परियोजना- सतलज नदी- हिमाचल प्रदेश
● पंचेत बांध- दामोदर नदी- झारखंड
● पोचम्पाद परियोजना- महानदी- कर्नाटक
● फरक्का परियोजना- गंगा नदी- पश्चिम बंगाल
● बाणसागर परियोजना- सोन नदी- मध्य प्रदेश
● भाखड़ा नांगल परियोजना- सतलज नदी- हिमाचल प्रदेश
● भीमा परियोजना - पवना नदी- तेलंगाना
● माताटीला परियोजना - बेतवा नदी- उत्तर प्रदेश
● रंजीत सागर बांध परियोजना - रावी नदी- जम्मू और कश्मीर
● राणा प्रताप सागर परियोजना - चम्बल नदी - राजस्थान
● सतलज परियोजना- चिनाब नदी - जम्मू और कश्मीर
● सरदार सरोवर परियोजना - नर्मदा नदी - गुुजरात
● हिडकल परियोजना - घाटप्रभा परियोजना- कर्नाटक
● इडुक्की परियोजना- पेरियार नदी- केरल
● उकाई परियोजना- ताप्ती नदी- गुुजरात
● काकड़ापारा परियोजना- ताप्ती नदी- गुुजरात
● कोलडैम परियोजना- सतलुज नदी- हिमाचल प्रदेश
● गंगासागर परियोजना- चम्बल नदी- मध्य प्रदेश
● जवाहर सागर परियोजना- चम्बल नदी- राजस्थान
Jᴏɪɴ ➥ @bhugol
📌Major Cities in Australia
Australia’s major cities include Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Cairns, Darwin, and Canberra, the capital.
Its 6 states are:
Western Australia
Queensland
South Australia
New South Wales
Victoria
Tasmania
📌Marine transportation
• Solution – minerals are dissolved in the water and carried along in solution.
• Suspension – fine light material is carried along in the water.
• Saltation – small pebbles and stones are bounced along the sea bed.
• Traction – large boulders and rocks are rolled along the sea bed.
📎 what is Pingo?
Pingos are intrapermafrost ice-cored hills, 3–70 m (10–230 ft) high and 30–1,000 m (98–3,281 ft) in diameter.They are typically conical in shape and grow and persist only in permafrost environments, such as the Arctic and subarctic.A pingo is a periglacial landform, which is defined as a non-glacial landform or process linked to colder climates.It is estimated that there are more than 11,000 pingos on Earth.
What is Nappe??
Nappe , in geology, large body or sheet of rock that has been moved a distance of about 2 km (1.2 miles) or more from its original position by faulting or folding.
Nappes or nappe belts are a major feature of the European Alps, Dinarides, Carpathians and Balkans.
📌The Bonins Islands or the Ogasawara Islands comprises three main island groups—Chichijima, Hahajima, and Mukojima—located SSE of Tokyo. Administratively, they also include the nearby Volcano Islands (including Iwo Jima).
🔸A new island has emerged in the area around Japan's Ogosawara island chain following an underwater volcanic eruption in the Pacific Ocean in late 2023. The new island, made of volcanic debris, is 200 meters long, its The diameter is approximately 100 meters.
📌Alluvial fan
Alluvial fans typically form where flow emerges from a confined channel and is free to spread out and infiltrate the surface. This reduces the carrying capacity of the flow and results in deposition of sediments.
🔸Some of the largest alluvial fans are found along the Himalaya mountain front on the Indo-Gangetic plain.
📌Uvalas
•Karst depressions that are much larger than sinkholes and that display gentler slopes and more complex three-dimensional shapes are known as uvalas.
•Uvalas is collection of multiple smaller individual sinkholes that coalesce into a compound sinkhole.
A single uvala typically contains numerous sinkholes within it.
📌Volcanic Plug
A volcanic plug, also called a volcanic neck or lava neck, is a volcanic object created when magma hardens within a vent on an active volcano
📌Cove
A cove is a small type of bay or coastal inlet. Coves usually have narrow, restricted entrances, are often circular or oval, and are often situated within a larger bay. Small, narrow, sheltered bays, inlets, creeks, or recesses in a coast are often considered coves.
📌Parts of a wave
Wave crest and trough-The highest point of a wave is called crest.
The lowest point of a wave is called trough.
📌Wave height-It is the perpendicular distance from the bottom of a trough to the top of a crest of a wave.
📌Wave amplitude-It is one-half of the wave height.
📌Wave period-It is merely the time interval between two successive wave crests or troughs as they pass a fixed point.
📌Wavelength-It is the horizontal distance between two successive crests.
📌Wave speed-It is the rate at which the wave moves through the water.
It is measured in knots.
📌Frequency-the number of complete waves (or oscillations) that occur over a given period of
time. Usually measured in cycles per second.
Sustainable Development Goals
Читать полностью…
Mountain ⛰️ Ranges in India.
Читать полностью…