TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

10 октября 2023 14:05

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 4⃣6⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
🔴USE BASIC ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS CORRECTLY

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✴️Indicate if the following sentences are correct or incorrect:

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

13 сентября 2023 20:09

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 4⃣4⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
🔴DISTINGUISH POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS


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✴️Indicate if the following sentences are correct or incorrect:

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

25 августа 2023 12:50

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 4⃣2⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
🔴DISTINGUISH THE PERSON FROM THE THING
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🔰Examples:

■Ralph Nader is an authorization in the field of consumer affairs. ❌
■There are many job opportunities in accountant.❌

➡️ In the first example, "authorization" is incorrect because "authorization" is a thing and "Ralph Nader" is a person. The person "authority" should be used in this sentence. [Ralph Nader is an authority in the field of consumer affairs.✅]

➡️In the second example, "accountant" is incorrect because "accountant" is a person and the field in which "an accountant" works is "accounting". The thing "accounting" should be used in this sentence. [There are many job opportunities in accounting.✅]
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✴️Indicate if the following sentences are correct or incorrect:

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

21 августа 2023 18:31

✴️IRREGULAR PLURALS

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

07 июля 2023 19:43

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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

03 июля 2023 18:28

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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

03 июня 2023 06:31

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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

09 мая 2023 20:58

` Have something done


🏚The roof of Bill's house was damaged in a storm, so he arranged for a worker to repair it. Yesterday the worker came and did the job.
■"Bill had the roof repaired yesterday".
➡️This means: Bill didn't repair the roof himself. He arranged for someone else to do it for him.

■"Bill repaired the roof".
(= he did it himself)
■Bill had the roof repaired.
(= he arranged for someone else to do it)
■"Did Ann design her business cards herself or did she have them designed?"
■Are you going to repair the car yourself, or are you going to have it repaired?"

💢To say that we arrange for someone else to do something for us, we use the structure [have something done].

💢The word order is important:
[the past participle (done/repaired, etc.) comes after the object (the roof)]
[have + object +past participle]
■"Bill had the roof repaired yesterday."
■"Where did you have your hair done?"
■"We are having the house painted right now".
■"Tom has just had a telephone installed in his house".
■"How often do you have your car serviced?"
■"Why don't you have that coat cleaned?"
■"I want to have my picture
taken".
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💢"Get something done" is possible instead of "have something done"
(mainly in informal spoken English):
■"I think you should get your hair cut". (= have your hair cut)
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💢"Have something done" sometimes has a different meaning. For example,
■"He had all his money stolen while he was on vacation".
➡️This doesn't mean that he arranged for somebody to steal his money! "He had all his money stolen" means only: "All his money was stolen."
➡️With this meaning, we use "have something done" to say that something (often something not nice) happened to someone:
■"George had his nose broken in a fight. ( his nose was broken)


#grammar
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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

09 мая 2023 20:58

SOME SPECIAL PASSIVE STRUCTURES ARE:

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💠Some verbs can have two objects. For example, offer:
■"They didn't offer Ann the job". (the two objects are "Ann" and "the job")
💢So it is possible to make two different passive sentences:
■1. "Ann wasn't offered the job".
■2. "The job wasn't offered to Ann".
💢It is more usual for the passive sentence to begin with the person.

💢Other verbs like "offer" that can have two objects are:
[ask, tell, give, send, show, teach, pay]

Here are some examples of passive sentences with these verbs:
■"I was given two hours to make my decision". (= they gave me two hours)
■"The men were paid $1500 to do the job". (= someone paid the men $1500)
■"Have you been shown the new machine?" (= has anyone shown you the new machine?)
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💠 Born: Remember that "be born" is a passive verb and is usually past:
■"Where were you born?" (not are you born) -simple past
■"I was born in Chicago". (not I am born) -simple past
■"How many babies are born in this hospital every day?" -simple present
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💠The passive -ing form is [being + V3]
■Active: "I don't like people telling me what to do".
■Passive: "I don't like being told what to do".
■ I remember being given a toy drum on my fifth birthday". (= I remember someone giving me. . .)
■ "Hurry up! You know Mr. Miller hates being kept waiting". (= he hates people keeping him waiting)
■"She climbed over the wall without being seen". (= without anyone seeing her)
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💠Sometimes you can use "get" instead of "be" in the passive:
■"There was a fight at the party, but nobody got hurt". (= nobody was hurt)
■"Did Ann get fired from her new job?" (= was Ann fired from her new job?)

💢You can use "get" in the passive to say that something happens to someone or something. Often the action is not planned; it happens by chance:
■"The dog got run over by a car". (= the dog was run over)

💢 In other types of situation "get" is not usually possible:
■"George is liked by everyone". (not gets liked)

💢"Get" is used mainly in informal spoken English. You can use be in all situations.

#grammar
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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

09 мая 2023 20:53

` PASSIVE VOICE

💠A passive verb or sentence has as its subject the person or thing to which an action is done, as in ''His father was killed in a car accident."
[General form: Object+be+V3]

💠The passive is used to describe actions:
A) when we don't know who does, or did the action:
■"My briefcase was stolen last night". (I don't know who stole it).
B) when it is not important to know who does, or did the action:
■"The cars are taken to Europe every week". (It doesn't matter who takes them).
■"These televisions are made in Japan". (It doesn't matter who makes them).


#grammar
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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

07 мая 2023 19:40

How to use tenses with "will" and "would"

#TOEFL_SKILLS
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

05 мая 2023 17:07

Time expressions for all verb tense

SKILL 3⃣5⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

04 мая 2023 16:27

✴️Don't forget to check out these notes!

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

03 мая 2023 01:50

#TOEFL_SKILLS
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
SKILL 3⃣3⃣ [KNOW WHEN TO USE THE PAST WITH THE PRESENT]


One verb tense problem that is common both in student writing and on the TOEFL test is the switch from the past tense to the present tense for no particular reason. Often when a sentence has both a past tense and a present tense, the sentence is incorrect.

Example: He took the money when he "wants" it.

➡️This sentence says that he took the money (in the past) when he wants it (in the present). This meaning does not make any sense; it is impossible to do something in the past as a result of something you want in the present.

This sentence can be corrected in several ways, depending on the desired meaning.
■He took the money when he wanted it.
■ He takes the money when he wants it.

➡️The first example means that he took the money (in the past) when he wanted it (in the past). This meaning is logical, and the sentence is correct. The second example means that he takes the money (habitually) when he wants it (habitually). This meaning is also logical, and the second example is also correct.

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It is necessary to point out, however, that it is possible for a logical sentence in English to have both the past and the present tense.

Example: I know that he took the money yesterday.

➡️ The meaning of this sentence is logical: I know (right now, in the present) that he took the money (yesterday, in the past).
You can see from this example that it is possible for an English sentence to have both the past and the present tense.

The error you need to avoid is the switch from the past to the present for no particular reason. Therefore, when you see a sentence on the TOEFL test with both the past and the present tense, you must check the meaning of the sentence carefully to see if it is logical in English.

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🇺🇸 @TOEFL_EXERCISES 🇺🇸
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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

30 апреля 2023 20:56

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 3⃣1⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS


✴️Each of the following sentences contains a verb formed with "be".
Indicate if the sentences are correct or incorrect.

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

13 сентября 2023 20:24

✴️Possessive adjectives and pronouns

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

12 сентября 2023 15:20

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 4⃣3⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
🔴DISTINGUISH SUBJECT AND OBJECT PRONOUNS



••┈┈●•❁❁✹❁❁•●┈┈┈••
✴️Indicate if the following sentences are correct or incorrect:

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

21 августа 2023 18:32

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 4⃣1⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
🔴RECOGNIZE IRREGULAR PLURALS OF NOUNS


✴️Indicate if the following sentences are correct or incorrect:

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

20 августа 2023 15:06

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 4⃣0⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
🔴DISTINGUISH COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS


🛑KEYWORDS FOR COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS:
➡️For Countable Nouns: [many, number, few, fewer]
➡️For Uncountable Nouns: [much, amount, little, less]


✴️Indicate if the following sentences are correct or incorrect:

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

04 июля 2023 09:23

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10 июня 2023 06:31

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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

01 июня 2023 15:02

/channel/+Ne_TGhlaazphYmM0

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

09 мая 2023 20:58

"It is said that.../ He is said to".
etc., and "supposed to"


This👉👵 is Mary. She is very old, and nobody knows exactly how old she is. But: "It is said that she is 108 years old".
■"She is said to be 108 years old".
Both these sentences mean: "People say that she is 108 years old."

💢You can also use these structures with:
[thought, believed, expected, reported, alleged, understood, considered, known]

■"Mary is said to eat ten eggs a day". OR "It is said that Mary eats ten eggs a day.
■"It is believed that the wanted man is living in New York". OR "The wanted man is believed to be living in New York".
■"It is expected that the strike will begin tomorrow". OR "The strike is expected to begin tomorrow".
■It is alleged that he stole $100. OR "He was alleged to have stolen $100".

💢These structures are often used in news reports:
■"It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion". OR
"Two people are reported to have been killed in the explosion".
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💠Supposed to

Sometimes "(be) supposed to" means "said to":
■"Let's go and see that movie. It's supposed to be very good".(= It is said to be very good; people say that it's very good.)
■"He is supposed to have stolen $100". (= He is said to have stolen $100.)

💢But sometimes "supposed to" has a different meaning. You can use "supposed to" to say what is planned or arranged (and this is often different from what really happens):
■"l'd better hurry. It's nearly 8:00. I'm supposed to be meeting Ann at 8:15". (=Iarranged to meet Ann; I said I would meet Ann.)
■"The train was supposed to arrive at 11:30, but it was 40 minutes late".
(= The train should have arrived at 11:30, according to the schedule.)
■"You were supposed to clean the windows. Why didn't you do it?"

💢We use "not supposed to" to say what is not allowed or not advisable:
■"You're not supposed to park here".
(= You aren't allowed to park here.)
■"Mr. Jenkins is much better after his illness, but he's still not supposed to do any heavy work".


#grammar
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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

09 мая 2023 20:53

THESE ARE THE MOST COMMON PASSIVE FORMS:

💠Present simple:
[Object+am/is/are + V3]
■Active: "Somebody cleans this room every day".
■Passive: "This room is cleaned every day".
■"Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving".
■"I'm not often invited to parties".
■"How many people are injured in car accidents every day?"

💠Past simple:
[Object+was/were + V3]
■Active: "Somebody cleaned this room yesterday".
■Passive: "This room was cleaned yesterday".
■"During the night we were all woken up by a loud explosion".
■"When was that castle built?"
■"The house wasn't damaged in the storm, but a tree was blown down".

💠Present continuous:
[Object+am/is/are being + V3]
■Active: "Somebody is cleaning the room right now".
■Passive: "The room is being cleaned right now".
■"Look at those old houses! They are being knocked down".
■(shop assistant to customer) "Are you being helped, ma'am?"

💠Past continuous:
[Object+was/were being + V3]
■Active: "Somebody was cleaning the room when I arrived".
■Passive: "The room was being cleaned when I arrived".
■"Suddenly I heard footsteps behind me. We were being followed".

💠Present perfect:
[Object+have/has been + V3]
■Active: "The room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it".
■Passive: "The room looks nice. It has been cleaned".
■"Have you heard the news? The President has been shot".
■Have you ever been bitten by a dog?"
■"I'm not going to the party. I haven't been invited".

💠Past perfect:
[Object+had been + V3]
■Active: "The room looked much better. Somebody had cleaned it".
■Passive: "The room looked much better. It had been cleaned".
■"Jim didn't know about the change of plans. He hadn't been told".

💠Model verbs: (will, can, must, etc.) and some other verbs (for example: have to, be going to, want to).
[Object+ model verb+ be+ V3]
■Active: "We can solve this problem.
■Passive: "This problem can be solved".
■"The new hotel will be opened next year".
■"George might be sent to Venezuela by his company in August".
■"The music at the party was very loud and could be heard from far away".
■"He was going to be killed last night".
■"This room is going to be painted next week".
■"Go away! I want to be left alone".

💠There is a past form after modal verbs: have been done / have been cleaned, etc.:

■Active: "Somebody should have cleaned the windows yesterday".
■Passive: The windows should have been cleaned yesterday".
■"My bicycle has disappeared. It must have been stolen".
■"She wouldn't have been injured if she had been wearing a seat belt".
■"The weather was terrible. The tennis match should have been canceled".


#grammar
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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

09 мая 2023 19:58

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 3⃣7⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS

✴️Each of the following sentences has a passive meaning. Indicate if the sentences are correct or incorrect.

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

07 мая 2023 19:23

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 3⃣6⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS

✴️Each of the following sentences contains "will" or "would". Indicate if the sentences are correct or incorrect.

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

05 мая 2023 16:27

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 3⃣5⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS

✴️Each of the following sentences contains a time expression that clearly indicates what verb tense is needed in the sentence. Indicate if the sentences are correct or incorrect.

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

04 мая 2023 15:38

#TOEFL_EXERCISE 3⃣4⃣
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS


✴️Each of the following sentences is either in the present perfect tense or in the past perfect tense. Indicate if the sentences are correct or incorrect.
••┈┈●•❁❁✹❁❁•●┈┈┈••


#TOEFL_SKILLS
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
SKILL 3⃣4⃣

Consider the following notes before doing the exercises:

1⃣The present perfect (have + past participle) refers to the period of time from the past until the present.
■ Sue has lived in Los Angeles for ten years. [It means that Sue has lived there for ten years up to now, and also, Sue is still living in Los Angeles.]


2⃣Because the present perfect refers to a period of time from the past until the present, it is not correct in a sentence that indicates past only.
■At the start of the nineteenth century, Thomas Jefferson became (NOT has become) president of the United States.
■Every time Jim worked on his car, he improved it (NOT has improved).
••┈┈●•❁❁✹❁❁•●┈┈┈••

3⃣The past perfect (had + past participle) refers to a period of time that started in the past and ended in the past, before something else happened in the past.
■Sue had lived in Los Angeles for ten years when she moved to San Diego.
[This sentence means that Sue lived in Los Angeles for ten years in the past before she moved to San Diego in the past. She no longer lives in Los Angeles.]

4⃣Because the past perfect begins in the past and ends in the past, it is generally not correct in the same sentence with the present tense.
■Tom had finished the exam when the teacher collected the papers. (NOT collects)

TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

30 апреля 2023 21:23

#TOEFL_SKILLS
#THE_STUCTURE_QUESTIONS
SKILL3⃣1⃣


The verb "be" in any of its forms (am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being) can be followed by another verb. This verb should be in the present participle or the past participle form.

Examples:

■We are doing our homework.
■The homework was done early.

■Tom is taking the book.
■The book was taken by Tom.

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TOEFL SKILLS & EXERCISES

26 апреля 2023 14:37

هل تعانون من صعوبة النحو وضبطه؟
هل تعانون من الأخطاء الإملائية؟
هل تريدون التحدث بطلاقة؟
معنا -فقط- ستتقنون النحو، وستتخلصون من الأخطاء الإملائية وستتحدثون بطلاقة، وما عليكم سوى الاشتراك بقناة منهل اللغة العربية.

للاشتراك👇👇

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